PBS Space Time - 2015-08-19
Tweet at us! @pbsspacetime Facebook: facebook.com/pbsspacetime Email us! pbsspacetime [at] gmail [dot] com Comment on Reddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime Support us on Patreon! http://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime Help translate our videos! http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g Black holes! From Stephen Hawking to Interstellar, black holes are mammoths in the world of science AND sci-fi. But what exactly IS a black hole? Do events happen inside black holes? Are black holes really a hole? Are black holes really black?! Join Gabe on this week’s episode of PBS Space Time as he debunks popular black hole misconceptions, and rethinks what the term, ‘black hole’, even means. Thought you knew what a black hole was? Think again! ------------------------------------------------- Comment Links hauslerful https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z12ct3gh0qydgpze422ldfqw3ue0xhnoc04 Andrew Brown https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z121d3lrjsqnvpcz404cilxpznycs3rinls0k Ivan Chagas https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z12chtix2oajdnew504cf50jmpykwpr4wao ErgoCogita https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z13aglkq0wukvbct322ljf0oywnmzpavt The Science Asylum https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z12wcfyx1wertxkld231wbazntrtcb43d Romesh Srivastava https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z121hpt5zlysivs1u23einxhfuymunhqi04 shoofle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z121dvyj2xzei3aj104ce3kqvofucd5rr3o gottabweird https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z12qevf4ku2mcbtmv22auzkanyfxzxtpo04 Madhu Sujan Paudel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z134vt0g0qnfupqui22zzb4wqszxuprmh Tim VanBuren https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z12iuftarmnjsnonh23ezfl5cwmmglkfn Dox https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwChk4S99i4&lc=z13dztcqquy4ihqdk23celmxjnfgcdzcb ------------------------------------------------- Let us know what topics you want to learn more about:http://bit.ly/spacetimepoll
Whenever I get cocky I watch a Space Time video to remind myself that I'm not actually smart. My brain is incapable of understanding some of this. It is my absolute intellectual limit.
This man must be a clopper. Ewww.
Not so sure. Remember he has studied all the math and physics that lead up to black holes. We haven't. He is simply reporting the results.
TheMajesticTieflingBard Once you submit to something of that nature, your forfeit individuallity and freedom. Not a good move you will have people telling you what and when and where. I will always value inequallity. You can always earn something with inequallity, but if we are all the same there is nothing to earn and you cant make something off yourself.
Me but with Cars and any electrical related topic
try AlQuran bro.. just try.. and you will be humble..
4:53
>lets pretend that the sun is a perfect sphere
>displays a bumpy circle
Topologically
Thats not bumpa. I think its the light rays coming out
Haha this was a good one haha
Great, so everything I already didn't understand about black holes is actually not true. Thanks anyway! 😂
It is true because you didn,t understand
Hahahha, this was my exact reaction xD.. Still will keep watching the other videos so I can not understand more :D
A list of 5 things we know about the inside of black holes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ronald de Rooij But There Is No Surface To Create Zed (Impute Black Hole 10 Sun Mass)
God Doesn’t Exist.
@fuck you (That’s His Name)
That’s Very Controversial To Your Name.
Yea This Is Indeed A Very Nice Thread Filled With “
“
nacho73
Good Points.
Yes, but please keep in ur mind that numbers 1 , 2 , 4 and 5 are not yet proven and are still theoretical.
Other than that, the rest are correct
.
0:50 Clicked on 'Curved Spacetime'.
That video: This video is based on 4 other videos.
😒😒😒
Well, it's not a simple concept you can understand in one or two videos. There's a lot of stuff to be explained and everything is very complex that it's preferable for a keen learner to take one step at a time
Like how on the center of the North Pole every direction is south.
Bruh I'm high right now and this isn't helping.
@Alex G same
To the equator would be a better analogy
That was just shitty... but... it's fucking funny.!😶😐😆😅😅😅😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
Of course, that's where Santa lives, everywhere else just isn't as good.
6:18
S U C C A G E
General relativity: exists
Quantum physics: "am I a joke you?"
This video: * exists *
Quantum Mechanics: Let me in, LET ME IIIIIIINNNNN!!!!
This is a really good comment!
This is the worst My Little Pony fanfic I've ever heard.
Twilight disagrees.
Fervidor ...or the best, depending on how you look at it.
@Junokaii : your face sucks ass.
@Junokaii Ingest the Friendship.
Yeah I had to pause it an regroup when that gappened....🤔😐
This guy looks like Joe Gatto from Impractical Jokers.
K LaCoste yea :)
Joe Gatto fused with Joey Fatone.
Okay You've lost me at "I'm sure you've read, seen or heard a lot about black holes"
stop using trash filters.
Ask your mum, she's got a huge one between her legs.
@BillyCBoxingFan so does your mom..
This episode was your last episode produced for PBS Digital Studios. It is still on the internet, even though you have moved on. Ergo, jobs are event horizons. Thanks for your contributions. This, in particular, was an outstanding presentation.
Isn't it true that the "infinitely redshifted" photos of light emitted beyond the event horizon never reach us? That they always stay within the event horizon? Really splitting hairs to say that the idea that they cannot leave the black hole isn't true, it appears patently true by the above description.
even if such a thing can't reach us, in theory quantum mechanics is predicted to be false
quantum mechanics is too right to be not right even in theoretical circumstances or maybe not, it's either no such thing as "infinitely redshifted" photons happen, or something is missing
@Randeom_bot 44 That is true. What he means is this small quanta is so small that nothing will detect it.
@Randeom_bot 44 You can't have infinitesimal small quanta. Quantized means discrete levels. Energy or the information of that photon cannot disappear either. So going below some very low level, won't make it disappear. That would break causality and the universe.
There is no maximum redshift, The reddest photon possible has a wavelength as long as the visible universe, and will be of incredible low energy, but it can never go away. That photon or its effect, being registered in a detector, can never be erased from the universe. Information is conserved.
Yh i know that pissed me off "Its not that light cant escape the event horizon"....proceeds to explain light cant leave the event horizon.
Why does this guy look like Joe russo
@Vikas Kumar verrrrry true lol
Ahahaha
Good to know I'm not the only one.
Wish he was,then the Avengers inter-planetary/space scenes would have been more accurate:)
Oh yeah he actually kinda does!
2:49 It all came down and hit me how strange time dilation is when he said "Do you get how freaky this is??"
whos watching this in 2019 at 3am
Does 3:10, 7 months later count?
December 10 2019 at 5 am.
MAYBE, FELL CLOSE TO BLACK HOLE. CAN'T BE CERTAIN OF ANYTHIING NOW.
@Lyle damn dame here
Ou nou Itz_Mellow Who is watching this in 2020 at 3am
9:50 How do black holes even exist then?
@KERBEROS MC we have detected the gravity that comes from them, so they clearly do exist, I honestly thinks it shows the limits of this line of thought, to declare that the sky is not how it is now to us but to us it is how it was when the light left it billions of years ago because the light is how we detect it. I find this line of thinking flawed, for exactly the blackhole example, we knew they existed because they were
A a block spot on our telescopes and B there gravity clearly effected things
@Connor Schultz The question ain't whether or not they exist, it's wondering how they even exist in the first place due to this paradox. This factor is I believe why Einstein initially denied the black hole theory, even know it came out of his own theory of relativity. But then we started actually findin' them :o
@KERBEROS MC you see, a Black hole isn't just governed by relativity It should also be governed by quantum physics, Relativity and quantum physics don't work together, what's more likely is this this aspect of relativity is simply wrong in this case
@Connor Schultz These are core essentials to how relativity functions which is causing this paradox. But this being something to do with quantum physics is prob the reason this paradox doesn't happen, something we don't yet understand.
@KERBEROS MC relativty dose not function on the quantum level, and quantum physics don't function on a large scale, that is what I ment when I said that part of relativity was likely just wrong in this case, like how it is wrong trying to predict quantum mechanics
Oh well I tried... Back to ultimate fails compilation.
hahahaha
+1ranjeeves Going by the amount of likes, you are speaking for the majority. ;-)
Haha, great comment! :d
Lmaao
Yup. On my way there now. People getting owned by waves.
"To outside observers, most of the inital stars matter never crosses the horizon". I always asked myself how many and why.. Is it due to the growing horizon and shrinking of the stars like the animation suggests?
im pretty late to say anything and im not quite sure if I understood it very well, but based on my understanding you can never witness anything crossing the horizon because the closer you get to the blackhole, the slower timescale you're on, so for example like he said if youre 10 feet away from it and im 20 feet away from it, you'll look like you're moving in slowmotion because we aren't on the same timescale, but to you it seems like nothings changed since you are living in that timescale currently. Once you get near to cross the event horizon I believe your time is practically broken, and to all others your time progresses so slowly, or not at all, that we never see anything beyond that point, but since that is the timescale you live in, it's as if nothings different
The slower timescale means gravitational redshift of light extending its wavelength, the closer object is to black hole, the more it happens. So light redshifted enough would be outside of visible spectrum and as such we'd never observe object actually crossing event horizon - instead we will see fading into invisibility as reflected light gets more and more shifted out of visible spectrum.
Yeah likewise, I could 'understand' if they meant that you could never 'see' anything reach the singularity as at infinite density time is supposed to stop. However, he says that the significance of the event horizon is that from inside all directions point towards the singulariry but that the blackhole itself isnt infinitely dense. Also if the monkey appeared to stop at the event horizon wouldnt that mean that from the monkeys point of view the entire future of universe would happen before it ever crossed the event horizon?
Also if things freeze at the event horizon how do they gain any extra mass?
I watch many videos on blackholes and relativity and there is never an answer that resolves the seemingly unresolvable paradoxes. Im not sure how in depth you actually have to study these things before they can appear at all possible, but theres an event horizon of understanding that I just cant see passed.
What an outside observer sees, is not real. He can just not see what happens at or below the event horizon.. He has to go inside the black hole to see what really happens when crossing the event horizon.. So everything they observe about black holes are just illusions. Nothing is really frozen on the horizon. The mass is not lying only spread around on the horizon. It is gone inside, but just existing beyond our view. So everything passing into the black hole is really just transformed into a differentiated layered mass of lighter and lighter elements from the center to the surface of solid matte,r and then liquids, and then gases forming the "atmosphere" above the solids/liquids. All electromagnetic waves (photons) will be blue shifted into smaller and smaller wavelengths until they are transformed into physical matter, but in one zone for example microwaves coming from the outside will be visible lights there, while in a zone lower down in the atmosphere radio waves from the outside will become visible light there.
So, when they say the outside universe will disappear from sight on the inside, it is a lie, because it is what was visible light on the outside, becoming blue shifted, that is invisible to the eye only. Other lower frequencies on the outside will of course also be blue shifted and the become visible lights. Therefore I imagine that the world inside the black hole may even look like the Earth with an iron core and a center consisting of elementary particles and the point of singularity. The surface consists of lighter silicate matter, and upon that water and then an atmosphere. The sky could be the event horizon possibly for example.
May be the Earth is part of a zoned black hole, the frozen event horizon becoming like a magnifying lense, through which we see the whole universe. However, what we see of the outside, is the low frequency part of of what the Universe sends to us. Thus we see only the low frequency part of the planets surrounding us ande we becoming the original sun which these planets had.
It is fun to speculate about something that never anyone can check out. We may make our own truths and no one can dismiss it. Nice.
Btw. if we had been living in a black hole, it would mean we observe timing of events in the universe passing much faster than it actually does. And the age of the universe would in reality then be younger than we calculate it to be. A time fastening of 1000 times would make the universe only 13 million years old for example, and distances only a thousandth of what they seems like to us.
Our Earth also, which age we calculate using a timing calibrated according to the outside stars and Sun would only be 4.5 million years old.
So there could be a lot of delusions we are fed here.
I need Ibuprofen, Aspirin and Tylenol after this video.
And probably a shot.
OTC drugs and alcohol. . You're doing it wrong.
Lou Sensei hey, he didn't specify what kind of shot...
Unless Gabe is finding a cure for cancer, he should come back. On second thought, cancer can wait, come back now, please! =].
so Black Holes are like the Trash Bin on windows microsoft that absorbs every file on your desktop even if you don't delete it?
@George Zaharia Except That There Is No Bin To To Insert Donald Trump Into. Leading Towards My Next Point That Donald Trump Is Trash. Cough ztwntyn8 Cough.
M. Sims damnnnn bruh now that u mention it where do those files go when u empty the trash bin ?!
@ztwntyn8 Turning the subject back to physics:
The problem with reality is that it can not be experienced, our senses are simply too crude, to sense the world. We only have our minds as the least inept tool. So it is more real to think about the world, than actually living it.
Tore Lund if you wanna go next level, eat some acid and then read a physics book. Outside.
@K V Curtis I rearly venture outside, there is really no need.
This is pure wao. Although I watched Matt first and you later. Matt is no doubt handsome and his explanations are ear-catching but you are humble and polite as well as responsibly delivering what you deliver <3 Love ya guys.
Finally, I understood the true meaning of 'event' horizon !! Thank you!
Wow I actually learned new stuff about black holes from this video! Thanks!
Same, but I also lost information I thought I had.
There sort of is an answer to 11:05, it's called the ADM mass. It can be assigned to any spacetime. I believe it's roughly the analouge of electric flux, but instead "gravitational flux"
This is great, it makes me sad that on CNN right now, they refer to black holes as a vacuum. Hope you come back or do interviews for the news
This video makes me want to jump in a black hole
i wish gabe would comeback, i like matt but gabe is so much easier to understand
Man, I feel the exact opposite. Plus Matt's Australian accent and slower speaking style are much more pleasant to listen to.
both great
Imagine the monkey falling into the blackhole, getting redder and redder, and slower and slower until it's so redshifted it fades out of the visible spectrum. Pretty damn terrifying
@Mary Antonio No the planets would dissappear because their light would get redshifted.
@KungKras 2:05 but the video says you would see a monkey freeze at the event horizon
We wouldn't be able to see them, but yeah, from our perspective, everything that falls into a black hole just hovers there, at the event horizon, frozen in time forever.
While from their point of view, the entire history of the universe outside of the event horizon just flashes in an instant.
@Mary Antonio I think the video talks more about our perspective of time relative to the monkey's rather than actually seeing it.
@KungKras Oh, yeah that makes sense. The example they give can really confuse reality.
so basically, black holes are an error in reality.
No.. They operate as well as they can within the guidelines that our universe has.
No, it only seems like an error to us. We would never know unless we could cross the event horizon.
Black holes are there to make the calculations work out since we just dump the unknowns and singularities in there.
@Yal Rathol vantablack is really cool but it's a shame this bitch Kapoor hoards it from the rest of the community. He is the only one licensed to use it.
@Richard Dunn I was thinking the same thing
This makes my "eager to learn mind" go oooooooooof!!!
Damn you Gabe for making us fall in love with you only to have you throw us away!😥
The largest black hole.
Yet to break dark expansions
Can we make a universe within a dark expanding universe?
This makes the Movie Interstellar more comprehensible.
So Brand would never see Cooper fall into Gargantua, He would just hang there. From his own perspective, Cooper would never reach the Tesseract in the lifetime of the outside universe, so there really wouldn't be any way for him to get back and hitch with Brand on a later date, not even humanity, would be left in trillions of years! So the script is still nonsensical!
I don't understand anything.
Albert Einstein same im going to watch it again 🤣
You, my friend, are perfectly immune to the Dunning-Kruger effect.
@Albert Einstein it's not 'impossible to determine objective speed' there's no such thing. The statement doesn't make sense. You understand nothing for the same reason Physics has been practically at a standstill for the last 50 years. We got into weird territory where only applied mathematics will give us a result that we know is correct, but we don't know what it means. We are left trying to interpret those results, as Gabe does in this video. Just as athletics has pushed the human body to where shaving a tenth of a second off a sprint record would be amazing, so too has the mind been pushed. Newton, Maxwell and Gauss put in a mile, Einstein put in another, Shrodinger, Bohr and friends put in another, Feynman put in 20 feet, and now if you can take a single step forward you'll win a nobel prize.
Yeah
When you go to work at the patent clerk office and think for hours for experimental thoughts you will Albert Einstein
How to make a bad science video:
Step 1: Understand Hawking radiation.
Step 2: Dismiss all that for some reason.
Step 3: Pretend the event horizon 'image' is infinite.
Step 4: Congratulate yourself, you've 'explained' something in a way that people can understand, but not in a manner that represents reality.
I see you.
Talk about "suckage."
Events happen when "we" postulate about it.
"I" does not suffice.
This is exactly the moment when i know when/whom to suscribe and hit the bell icon without the video telling me to.
Many thanks for making this video for me and other laymen like me.
U r aweesomee. Cannot describe it cos its infinite like someone falling inside a black hole :)
You are really doing a wonderful job universally.
Wow, I had thought I was fairly intelligent until Gabe gave this presentation. I am going to have to watch this presentation several times to get a better grasp on the concepts. Best wishes Gabe on whatever you pursue.
It's a lie, there are only bookshelves in a black hole.
Виктор Тюрин good one.
That was a tesseract made of all time within the girl's room, created by a godly humanity. Not something that naturally occurs within a black hole.
Nope. That's how you get to Equestria.
STAY
... __ . __ __ . __ __
So this would imply that if Hawking radiation destroys the black hole in a finite amount of time (from the perspective of a distant observer), then the monkey will be released from the black hole before it fell into it (from the perspective of a distant observer, because it takes an infinite amount of time to reach the horizon). So if there is no contradiction, the money will see the black hole evaporate before falling in.
@Project Overturn aka RareBeeph Consider a tiny speck at the very center of a star, just as the star begins to collapse. The more dense that spec gets, the more it dilates time, and the longer it takes to get any more dense. It reaches the point where it is so close to forming an event horizon, that any measurement you could possibly take, makes the surface of that spec look like an event horizon. Material above that speck falls towards it, but all the matter that it accumulates gets time dilation frozen on the way down so that the density of the object never actually exceeds the critical value that makes it collapse into the classical singularity / black hole.
Time dilation prevents real black holes from ever actually forming. What we have are stars frozen in time, the instant before they become black holes. They look like black holes from the outside because they're so close, that we can't tell the difference. What's inside though is not a singularity. It's exactly what the star was in it's last nanosecond, with every atom and fundamental particle frozen in place for eons to come. Almost.
The tiny amount of movement that still happens after time dilation is the source of Hawking radiation.
@Robert Kesselring what is that movement?
@Emilio Sereni black hole evaporation
@Space Man I agree that there's a problem with the idea that everything going into a black hole suspends there forever. The increasing mass of stuff accumulating at the event horizon adds to the gravitational field of the black hole. This would cause the black hole to expand, so the event horizon expands to engulf all the "suspended" matter and energy. Once inside, they proceed to the singularity.
@Robert Kesselring Thanks, i have been thinking about this for quite some time now, couldn't quite grasp the answer. Your explanation solved my mystery.
10:20 "Protoypical" 😂😂
7:00 Here is where the presentation should have ended.
6:56 The sound of the "doorbells" on Star Trek Enterprise 😍
Ok everyone, this is officially my final comment on this YouTube channel (8:53 PM, Eastern Daylight Time [GMT -4:00], Tuesday 8 September 2015). After this, any posts/comments will come from the new host, Matt O'Dowd.
Thanks for being such a great audience. I've enjoyed interacting with all of you on here. If you want to keep up with me or hear about anything else I might be doing in the future, you can follow me on Twitter. I'm @fizziksgabe.
don't speak too frequently
You're an excellent communicator. All the best in your new venture.
2019, still going strong...
Both hosts have been excellent. Thank you for the time you put towards making this channel and itscontent for us.
holy crap! this video made me realize what the event horizon actually is and now it makes sense why its called like that!
10:45 First off I super appreciate your passion, it's infectious. The realm of the topic is so theoretical and unnecessary to any living of our biological lives, and so when we reach so far into irrelevant (though interesting) things they can seem impossible like actual zeros and infinities. But my experience of life is things are rarely actual absolutes and they are more "close to zeroes" or "seeming infinities" than truly. Because the topic tackled here is so far out there, literally the farthest we can IMAGINE, that we dont deserve the answers yet and one day we'll realize they weren't absolute either (like my sensory experience is IT, the earth is IT, or the cell is IT, or the atom is IT).
Do we need absolute 'ends' to things when there's so much available in between?
God dammit, this was intense. Good thing I placed my misconceptions aside before watching this. :)
Ok... you lost me after "I'm sure" 8-/
Picogram - 2019-04-16
Black Holes are so heavy that they turn mathematics into philosophy.
Ƹ̵̡Ӝ̵̨̄Ʒ - 2019-12-17
No.
but yes maybe,
or not at all!
Philosophy is the Ex mathematics,? or today's mathematics is the philosophy for the future.?!
Or Philosophy is the result of minds unable to solve the puzzle,?!?
only fox god knows.
?!?!
Kirkology - 2019-12-19
Picogram ooh, NOICE
Nylon Epek - 2019-12-22
@Willy Illuminatoz English is kinda like math...
you dont get it
A C - 2019-12-24
@Willy Illuminatoz How is that not philosophical? Austin is saying that mathematics is similar to a philosophy. Logical deduction for the means of discovering more about your surroundings is an application of philosophy, and mathematics is the king of pattern determination and logical conclusions of a completely made up system. If another civilization was to be philosophical by nature, they too would arrive at nearly the same logical deductions albeit possibly in a completely different method than mathematics. Thus, philosophy is the father of mathematics; if we didn't bother to find out more about ourselves and our surroundings, we never would bother counting and deducing, and bothering to find out more is philosophical by definition.
Anupam Raj - 2020-01-18
@Shane Scott it turns out the opposite way.