NileRed - 2018-04-08
This is a video that I've been meaning to make for a while. I think the idea of converting one drug to another is a pretty cool concept. About a year ago, I made a series where I chemically converted Aspirin to Tylenol (aka acetaminophen, paracetamol, or APAP). The original series was spread out over several videos and was over 90 minutes long. It has a lot more detail, but it was a much bigger commitment to watch. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Merch - https://nilered.tv/store ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ■ NileRed is now available on Nebula! https://go.nebula.tv/nilered (when signing up with this link, a portion of your membership directly supports the channel) Join the community: Patreon - https://www.patreon.com/nilered Discord - https://discord.com/invite/3BT6UHf NileRed Newsletter - https://nile.red/home#newsletter You can also find me here: Facebook - https://m.facebook.com/NileRed2 Instagram - https://m.instagram.com/nile.red Twitter - https://mobile.twitter.com/NileRed2 Nile talks about lab safety: https://youtu.be/ftACSEJ6DZA Music in credits (Walker by SORRYSINES): https://soundcloud.com/sorrysines/walker
"I was able to convert 200 extra strength aspirins into one really weak tylenol"
SUCCESS
where did everything else go lol
Look at it this way if his yield was super high he might get in trouble with some farma companies ;) but that really depends on the pricing of both painkillers if it would even would be an issue
Yeah it is a success, simply because he did achieve he's goal. And it's pretty cool. And that would be great for chemistry students, either as theoretical exam or as practial lab for 4th semesters.
stonks
Cant spell success without SUCC so i guess he SUCCed some of it
I have to admit, I use your videos to fall asleep at night. Your voice is so soothing, calm, clear, and never talk too fast. You could narrate a bus schedule, and I'd buy the audiobook. I listen intently and usually before you're done, I am out like a light. But you are not boring! Thats how I discovered your channel. I actually watch the video again the next day. Thanks for your excellent channel!
omg high five bestie 🤺
I do the same thing! So soothing 😌
I would like if he could speak a little slower cause i'm not a native English speaker.
@@carlos-db5pg for English, he speaks extremely slow
@@carlos-db5pg I'm guessing you haven't been listening to English YouTube for a long time, you'll get used to the speed.
"Turning one really weak tylenol back into 200 extra strength Aspirin tablets"
Imma head out to buy a 30 pack of tylenol so I can have unlimited aspirin.
@@MrPicklesAndTea that's close to how homeopathy works xD
Kage bushin no jutsu!
@@ryujinayato1623 what?
I just died
21:36 I thought "he's good... look, there's a Tylenol capsule in the product!" It was his stir bar.
The Tylenol was just a crusting on the stir bar, you'd have to swallow it whole to get any affect. lol
@@BillAnt And hope nobody turns a strong magnet in the vicinity of your gut. I'd assume it would continue to stir. Ouch.
Hehe
@@gl1500ctv MRI scan after swallowing
About as big as a real one
NileRed: The process is very straight forward
Me 26 minutes later: Wait what?
@Xypos I'm right there with you
Well if you couldn't follow the simple 327 steps in the process, I don't know what to tell you.
"Ah crap I got aspirin, not tylenol"
"Don't worry mom, I can work with this"
Makes a very weak tylenol pill
"Mom, I think you're gonna die"
Why the video was recorded:
hahahaha!
“Polymerized crap” is the IUPAC name
underrated comment
It's part of the chemical series between "organic side-shit" and "horrible tar"
saw this on the diagram and died lmfao
Ngl they should changed it to "fibrous elephant shit" for nomenclature
Sounds like it has alot more polymers for some reason
I followed along with your video precisely and I ended up with 42 pounds of crystal methamphetamine. Please advise.
no one else like this comment please (look at the likes)
@@TheOriginalMaxGForce no
yes
no
yes
possible
nont
Buy a offbeat hat and pick up Pinkman
Sell it all, repeat, you’re rich now
Buy an rv and you're all set.
Note: The "filler junk" is actually a carefully designed matrix that produces the correct dissolution profile and bio-availability of the tablet, whilst also ensuring proper binding, distribution of active in the matrix, good compression and ejection from the tablet press, etc., all without having a biologically active impact.
whatever you say NERD
So really cool filler junk
i believe you but that really sounds like advertizing bs lol
So you’re saying it is filler junk?
@@1e1001 the less "advertising" way of putting it is that the matrix is needed in pills so they don't just get eaten up in your stomach acid, and that they dissolve in the correct part of your body to treat whatever issue you're having!
Converting a fresh big mac into a bk wopper
Samar Nadra the preparation is different, bk here put the meat in a oven that looks like a microwave, and the burger is thicker but have a smaller diameter, and the meat they use if from different type of cows
Underrated comment.
@@samarnadra problem is... Where to get a fresh big Mac.
@@samarnadra
Of course I meant that sarcastically. You simply can not use the word fresh for anything in a fast food restaurant.
That no country bans food says nothing about it's freshness.
@@samarnadra maybe you re confusing the word cold for fresh... LoL
It's true that some additives are allowed in some countries but not in others. "Yellow number 5" if I remember correctly.
You will find that sometimes even things like Mars bars are different in different countries. So yeah... They do replace one additive with another to achieve the same 'function'.... But that s still an additive... I would not call it fresh.
It's like when they put "fresh milk" on a pack of pasteurised milk, or "fresh juice" on a bottle of reconstructed OJ.
I think it's all legal to the letter of the law, but it's not what common sense says 'fresh' means.
I watched the original videos a while back.
This was far less scattershot and easier to digest.
Of course this is the comment he would like. It reads how he speaks
i liked the crystals they looked like needles
I have no clue what come out of his mouth 99% of the time, but his videos are really addicting to watch
next time someone asks me for a tylenol imma whip out my bottles of aspirin and my chemistry set and make it from scratch just to spite them
At least it will be a fresh batch of Tylenol. xD
Pretty sure the headache would be gone before you finish
@@louisturner8842 or it get worse because they don't know what's going on
@@ricky107_ *halfway through the reaction* “yeah imma need those aspirins now”
The “polymerized crap” label in the diagram at 7:44 made me laugh way more than it ought to have 🤣
same lmaoo, the subtle unprofessionalism, I think Nile Blue edited the video
Same lol
23:12 "So my original prediction of 30% wasn't that far off, I just kind of misplaced the decimal by two spots" LOL
Only being off by an order of magnitude isn't bad, if you are an astronomer.
he was off by two orders of magnitude
Why do I feel nerdy for laughing at this joke
Actual final I took in my cosmology class officially accepted an answer within 3 orders of magnitude as correct.
No problem just move the decimal point over to the left by two, problem solved. xD
Yeah, 2 orders of magnitude, meaning he got <1% of his expected yield of 30%
Just wanted to say that I shared this with my mother, who used to be a research chemist 40+ years ago; we both really enjoyed it. =)
My sister's going to school for chemistry. I always whip out somthing I've learned from these vidoes. Her face is priceless
My sister... I aways whip out something... Her face ... Priceless.
someone stop this man
just thought you should know, i sent this to my mom who’s a pharmacist, and classically has a video attention span of 2-5 minutes max. that being said she watched the WHOLE thing and loved it!! really great stuff lovin it
That sweet, sweet vacuum filter action!
They're such a bitch to clean though if you have some nasty stuff that's barely soluble in anything.
@banaan3001 < You can always bring out the big guns like acetone, DCM, toluene, xylene, and the rest. ;)
Rad
banaan3001 said
I love these longer videos. They're so satisfying and fun to watch.
Rockabrand The feeling it's sooo fricking mutual !!!!
It's fascinating to watch those beautiful reactions... problem is when you do it at home it just becomes a total mess (crap as NileRed calls it), if you know what I mean. ;D Basically one step gets f-ed up, then the rest is just a waste of time.
I've seen you before...
Thanks, but I think my headache has gone now…
lmao
Purgruv: Is your profile picture of Chris O'Dowd? If not, you (or the person in your picture) look exactly like him.
@@AmyAnnLand It's pretty obviously Chris O'Dowd with Richard Ayoade's hair poorly photoshopped on and I honestly can't believe you're stupid enough to not immediately realise that. That's hilarious.
@@madelinebitts2766 So you think someone is "stupid" because they don't immediately recognize a random actor? Haha. Okay. As if that's the only determining factor. Forget my degrees and accomplishments; I'm stupid because I'm not immediately certain it's Chris O'Dowd.
I love how passionate he is about chemistry.
Can you do converting Advil to morphine next? Asking for a friend
1323GamerTV I’m asking for a friend too also a meth tutorreal would be nice 👍
I'm tryna convert ibuprofen to cocaine
Several people are typing...
@@projectyardinc4256 agreed
I want to see street meth into pseudoephedrine.
Amazing! Since my wife is a chem professor I am really wanting to brush up and retake some chem classes since I have forgotten so much in the 20 years since graduating from college er... maybe longer, since I was way more interested in playing baseball than retaining this info. You my friend are exceptional.
Think I'll just go buy some tylenol.
Lol
Lol
Lol
Lol
Lol
This is really cool.
As a reference to reality, you created a 210mg rough equivalent of Tylenol?
That's wild.
3:48 you should be aware that this is a yield of 94g of a mixture of ASA and salicylic acid. The recrystallization step almost certainly hydrolyzed a substantial amount of your product, not just a few percent. You can confirm this by using the iron (iii) chloride test for phenols. You will obtain a colored adduct with your recrystallized product, confirming the presence of a phenolic hydroxyl group. I know this because I synthesized ASA from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride, and after quenching the reaction mixture and decanting the precipitate, the crude product was recrystallized from boiling water. The melting point was extremely broad, strongly depressed, and was dependent upon the rate of heating. The NMR spectrum was a mess but did demonstrate the aromatic protons around 7.2-7.24ppm, and FTIR showed a broad and intense absorption around 3300/cm, and a sharp, very intense peak around 1710/cm.
This is all immaterial, however, since your next step is to hydrolyze any remaining ASA.
What
thanks to the last sentence, i can summarise as follows: “”
the crystals looked cool
they were needle shaped
"Even though I do stuff like this all the time, it still blows my mind that it's possible to systematically build and degrade things on the molecular level."
And this is, I think,, probably the very most basic essence of most people's interest in chemistry. It's mine, anyway. Chemistry like this is essentially a kind of microscopic engineering combined with the performance of what feels like microscopic magic tricks, except you perform them for yourself as opposed to the macroscopic card tricks you'd perform for others.
Actually doing organic chemistry like this almost feels like you're playing god in a small way, like these things shouldn't be possible and it's incredible that the possibility even exists, let alone that YOU get to just play around with it and have fun with it AND get paid for it, if you're extra lucky.
And this is why I want to study Chemistry when I get to Uni!
@@andrewflannery5790
Best of luck, mate. The only advice I'll offer is to ask you to please, be CERTAIN to attend a university with a good chemistry department. I got into the University of Queensland, which is one of the top 50 universities in the world. My degree (BSc double major in Chem) was both fun and interesting, but above all, the labs were astonishingly well stocked. So we got a LOT of top-shelf experience before ever leaving university.
Thank God for CVS, if I had a headache and needed to go through all of this for Tylenol I’d have a migraine or a brain tumor before I was finished.
Do be careful with the phenol. It's quite hazardous: Around a tablespoon on the skin can be fatal, and the burns it causes are painless so you may not notice that you spilled it on yourself until it's too late. Another concern is that trying to wash it from your skin with water tends to just spread it and increase the area of skin that is damaged- you must instead wash it off with glycerol or a solution of polyethylene glycol. I certainly wouldn't handle that stuff without a lab coat on!
Thank God you said something man, I think you saved his life
I very occasionally work with phenol in the lab I work at so this is actually helpful to know, do you know if it has the ability to move through nitrile gloves? Or do nitrile gloves adequately protect you from it?
When I want to convert my aspirin to tylenol, I just bring my receipt back to CVS and they swap it out.
I’m allergic to Tylenol
Let me get my tools
Same here, last time I had taken Tylenol I was covered in red rashes from top to toe. Wasn't a fun 2 weeks.
u sure ur not allergic to the red dye in the type or a filler material?
I had an allergy test done for acetaminophen and it was positive, so no.
@@joygao4656 if it was the filler material there allergic too they'd likely have issues with more drugs. since atleast to my knowledge the filler is almost always the same, atleast it is for each brand.
The art of turning 200 aspirins into 1/2 tylenol :)
For real now, I have a love for chemistry and your videos are pure candy. The right equipment properly used, apt explanations pleasantly delivered, good quality camera, camera work and cuts makes it a joy to watch. My average patience for youtube vids is about 7 minutes, yours watch like professional documentaries. Your videos are excellent fodder for chemistry students.
What I find particularly elegant and alchemistic is that your subseqjuent videos keep transforming molecules made in earlier installments, highlighting the dance of functional groups that is applied chemistry. Every molecule can be an end point, starting point and intermediate. A pleasure.
Neat! Whenever I want to turn my aspirin into tylenol, I just pour some mor into the tylenol bottle.
But you're method is much more impressive. Keep up the good work.
This is so interesting. I wish I had paid more attention in chemistry
Same but then again in my school the only teacher was a nearly 60 year old witch that was seriously scary (she had mirrored glasses so she could see us students when writtting something on the board) and made chemistry super boring of a subject :/
@@Blutwind Reminds me of my current chemistry teacher. About 60 year old as well, can't control his anger, and the only thing he gave us to learn so far is texts that are just barely about chemistry that he has turned into these weird concentration practices that are basically just fusing every sentence together and he wants us to write it *perfectly*, and god help those who have a typo that he rates as "stupid". He then lets us write a test, and that's the content of his lessons.
He also likes to shout so loud that you can hear it rooms across and he likes to smash objects against furniture (or furniture against furniture) to release anger. I'm glad we never have access to chemicals right now. I wouldn't want to be in a room with him handling corrosive or toxic substances, he'd probably throw it across the room.
Oh yeah, he also doesn't like textbooks, so we write down hundreds of pages from his DIY text book (aka incoherent texts as mentioned before). Originally, I was happy I was finally getting chemistry lessons, but I have deep regrets for that wish.
Eh, home chemistry is much better anyway.
You only learn this kind of skills in Organic Chemistry class or lab.
@@luisp.3788 What the hell, he sounds like a crank
@@waharadome yep
I personally hated chemistry in school but this is just so interesting that i regret paying so little attention to it in school. Thank you !!!
So there's a kind of coffee maker that used to be used a lot more, called a vacuum pot, which is essentially a self-contained vacuum filtering setup for extracting coffee. It's crazy to me how much a vacuum filtering device like the one used here looks like it when the flask is attached.
Basically it consists of a flask-like carafe and a filtering bowl that has a long glass tube that goes down into the flask, with a rubber gasket between the two and one of various kinds of filters in the bottom of the bowl. Water bubbles up into the top where it is mixed with coffee, and eventually air bubbles out through the tube too and is not replaced. With the proper timing, you can develop a really good low pressure environment inside the carafe that sucks the water right out of the coffee grounds as the carafe cools. It's especially cool watching water boil below 100 c in the carafe, if you get the pressure low enough.
I'm totally intrigued and I googled "coffee vacuum pot" and got: "The vacuum pot, also called the syphon, is a beautiful and flashy way to make great coffee. Invented in Germany in the early 19th century, it's a full immersion brewer that also employs a metal or cloth filter, so you end up with a full-bodied and clean cup. "
is that the device? There are some new models for purchase for under 100 bucks!
@@kayjay7585 Yes. But I use the kind with a glass filter rod. It's hard to explain what that is but essentially it's a glass rod with a bulge in the middle, and that bulge is covered with bumps or burrs. The rod is held down by suction and the bumps make contact with the bottom of the filtering chamber, forming a coarse filter that allows quite a lot of liquid to flow past it but not medium-grind coffee.
The cheap models have a reputation for being fragile. Mine are both 1950's and more resilient. I plan to give them to my children if I ever have any.
Twas the night before Christmas, when all through the house
Not a creature was stirring, not even a mouse
Yet one thing was stirring, twas NileRed's low yield Tylenol crumbs
Ha-ha-ha
Damn ouch 😂
Ive learned more about chemistry from your channel than I did from seven years at school with a shitty teacher. Thanks man.
Great video. Here's a couple of points that could be useful for improving the method:
(1) I've seen some sources suggest that deprotonation of salicylic acid aids decarboxylation due to the competition for the proton. This should also stop the esterification as the carboxylate is not electrophilic.
(2) Before nitration, protect the phenol with either acetic anhydride or (acetic acid + HCl + boil). Do the nitration using c. sulfuric acid as the solvent, and 1.1 equivalents of NaNO3, at -5 degrees Celsius (ice/brine bath), then hydrolyse. It adds two steps; however, this will lead to a selective mononitration to p-nitrophenyl acetate. Also means you avoid forming nasty di(-) and trinitrated products, which will be explosive. Work it up by pouring it onto ice and water and filter in vacuo. The crystals you get out will be almost exclusively p-nitrophenyl acetate.
(3) The decomposition of p-aminophenol is due to oxidation/polymerisation in light, but it actually amounts to very little (if you check by NMR etc), so long as you keep it out of solvent. Recryst. from water is the usual way of purification, but I found that toluene works well too (if you can get your hands on it).
(4) Recryst for p-aminophenol should be easier than for paracetamol.
Source: my own research lab experience
You are awesome Nile! I'm so happy that you are succeeding with YouTube!!
Thanks!
next video:
"turning Pseudoephedrine into crystal meth"
as a pharmacy student, i loved this video. it's so cool seeing the structure change.
I watched the orignal series like 2 or 3 times , but one video covering the basic reactions is pretty nice as well.
I think you should do this always: a while after ther series combine it into an video
Finley Franke YAAAAS PLEASE !!!!
And this is why I do inorganic chemistry... :P QUANTITATIVE YIELDS!
As much as i hated chem in school, i love watching your videos.
Man, I love your videos. I have always loved chemistry and physics, and ironically, i dropped out of chemistry just due to my attention to 3D CAD/CAM and physics and now photography, and just not able to dedicate the correct amount of time to chemistry that it deserves. Thanks for all you do. I really enjoy seeing your work.
Just had a mental breakdown check. Just wanna let you know, your voice is very comforting to me. i dunno why, but it is.
@marcusmerrin192 - 2021-01-08
I'm an old-school chemist (PhD 1987). I love what you do, and it reminds me why I fell in love with chemistry as a teenager! Keep experimenting and teaching!
@thebassrogue - 2021-10-07
That's so cool! I love chemistry but didn't follow the profession... I have fun vicariously thru Nile
@michaelneal3162 - 2021-10-07
Dude I am kind jealous of any one who liked chemistry. I technically failed the class. Only because I never did my home work. I got nearly 100% on all my test. It just felt like all I did was balance equations.
@shauntaebritt6488 - 2021-10-09
Just curious and out of pure respect, do they use fetal tissue to make tylenol?
@coop6622 - 2021-10-19
I love that you two found each other Marcus, this post warmed my heart. ❤️
@scarcety8133 - 2021-10-25
@@shauntaebritt6488 no absolutely not