The Thought Emporium - 2015-12-14
In this video I show a method of making magnetic nanoparticles using hydrothermal synthesis. They're fun to play with and mesmerizing to watch. They're also the subject of future videos. Social media links: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thethoughtemporium Website: http://www.thethoughtemporium.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thethoughtemporium Twitter: @TTEchironex
Thank you so much
I really appreciate your work.
I want to understand deeply the method for the synthesis of magnetite and hematite NP synthesis reading papers is not enough. Most of the papers miss details.
amazing~~
Are they toxic?
>100 nm nanoparticles.......
Is that ptfe tape you used to seal your reactor ?
i want to prepare this nano prticle tell me the procedure plzzzz
Can you please tell the procedure
dude, could you post videos of what it looks like when you pass magnets around them like yuo were showing, and other findings? that'd be super interesting (for you know, us armchair scientists).
Have you used electrolysis in any of your nano experiments ?
hello, I just have a question regarding the time of reaction, should it really be 10 hours or could it be less say 1 to 5 hours ?
Yup the time is critical. You need at least that long or it doesn't work
Ok... but I have also recently done a green synthesis (ferric chloride + phytochemical) but only done it for only AN HOUR at 180 C AND IT WORKED. I checked its FTIR and UV-Vis spectra and it correspond to magnetite
Also, I tried doing the experiment for 8 hours and I used a galvanized iron pipings but most of the liquid was lost and what was left is a black sticky goo. How can this be solved?
Don't use galvanized iron for one, two would be to add more deionized water during the process three would be to use the lowest voltage and amperage you can to achieve electrolysis four use a sonicator to agitate the solution to get the smallest particles possible.
Hello , can i use a common pressure cooker instead of the bolt to make iron nanoparticle ?
I would literally faction off everything in a cup of green tea and use each fraction one at a time to make the particles
+Pyro213 that would require hundreds of runs which i don't have the time or capabilities to do right now. since each run takes 8 hours that would take months of a single trial per day.
iron oxalate. you can heat it and the co2 will evolve and leave pyrophoric nano particles of iron.
what strength magnetic field would you need to induce, say, a 5 degree increase in temperature in these particles (is that even possible, I heard someone say nano magnetic particles could be heated with a field)?
Can you use them as tattoo ink?
Makes me think of vanta black 🤔 you should try find a compound that results in tubular structures just out of interest...otherwise great vid 👍🏻
Would it be possible to induce a thermal change in these using a magnetic field?
tartaric acid?
That's the acid that all tannins are derived from. What makes leather tan.
But how can you make them from a size of 400-700nm? This would be helpful in color changing paint technology
Hey, I've tried the green tea + FeCl3 but it doesn't work after 10 hours of reaction at 180C in a hydrothermal vessel.
The result is a dirty liquid with some brown-black particles and a weird smell but nothing magnetic.
was it an iron vessel? or Teflon?
teflon
+seilgu add some galvanized nails to the reaction. I dunno why this works but it does. been trying to figure it out for months. They have to be galvanized or it wont work. But it's not the zinc, and it's not the iron that makes it work.
maybe Mg?
Is this the appropriate Hydrothermal Reactor size for this experiment? My daughter and I are thinking about doing this for a science fair. Thanks.
Hydrothermal Synthesis vessel kettle Autoclave Reactor +Teflon Chamber 200ml
200ml is very large and if you use a teflon reactor the reaction won't work properly. I figured out later that the iron/zinc the reactor is made of seems to catalyze the reaction. You'll be batter served by a smaller reactor unless you plan on making massive amounts of these particle. And if you are going to use one of the nice teflon ones, you'll need to add a source of metal to catalyze the reaction. I would experiment with zinc and iron and maybe copper. I used galvanized nails in my experiments and that seemed to work ok. If nothing else it's a good starting point
As this is for an 8th grade science fair, I will definitely do what you advise and get a smaller reactor. 150? 100? What do you advise? Also, if you found that galvanized nails work, any particular SIZE of galvanized nails? How many? Any advice for my 13 year old science-loving daughter would be appreciated. Thanks!
Anywhere from 20-100 is more than enough. 20 is good because it saves on chemicals, but you can't make very much at once. And as to amounts, I experimented with various amounts, so I would make that part of the experiment
Where do i get a hydrothermal reactor
ebay
The Thought Emporium thanks
can I do this without one or is it necessary
use mixture of FeCl3+FeSO4:
FeCl3+FeSO4==>mix==add NH3 solution
2FeCl3+FeSO4+8NH4OH-->Fe3O4+(NH4)2SO4+6NH4Cl+4H2O
How can I get a cheap hydrothermal flask?!?!
aliexpress
I would appreciate if you could tell my why your particles don't get stuck on the glass? Mine get completely stuck and make a mess every time... Thanks in advance!
couldn't you just get a really fine iron powder?
It'd be just as fun to play with. Probably not nearly as small, though.
+AverageFlamethrower not small enough and at this size would instantly light on fire. These also have a special shell on them that's useful for nanotech work. Also it would rust. This wont
Try using graphite
Very good
green tea works in the synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles since the flavanoles and epigallocatechin gallate easily get oxidized while reducing the iron compound.
Also you could just have mixed some sodium hydroxide slowly into the solution which would have worked just well without a hydrothermal synthesis
@Andre Leonhardt should I use naoh solution or crystals?
sgshsj of course a solution else you won‘t get nanoparticles. Also watch up to not get a ph above 9-10.5 or else hydroxoferrate(III) instead of magnetite may form.
@Andre Leonhardt will this release chlorine gas or any other toxic gases?
sgshsj Noo?? Why should it tho?
You need a stochiometric mix if Fe(II) and Fe(III) else it won’t work. Keep that in mind
@Andre Leonhardt ok thanks
have you covered how to make ferric chloride? wondering, as I am guessing that a chloro-alki cell with iron electrode on the chlorine side of the cell, would generate ferric chloride as it attacks the electrode, once it has crossed over the barrier from the sodium chloride/water solution, leaving sodium hydroxide in that side, and the other side full of ferric chloride. I have been looking at this as a method of making both, chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide for a silicon oxide nano particle generating system for 3D printing :)
Goto the hardware store and buy muriatic acid and dump your iron in and give it time to oxidize.
I apologize in advance if my question is ridiculous, but can any of the kind of nanaoparticules you're creating be combined w/ a compound like curcumin to improve bioavailability? The background on this question comes from a recent study that showed curcumin delivered this way may be a treatment for Alzheimer's and herpes: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200305132144.htm
Green tea worked probably because it has polyphenols that can be easily oxidized. You could try phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol and commercial antioxidants like BHT and BHA. Vitamin E may also work, although it has a low solubility in water.
+Madarpok you forget pressure increases the temperature inside the thing. The chamber can reach up to 40M mpa and usually sits at about 25-30 mpa during the reaction. the critical point of water is 374 but at 218 atm (22mpa). The reaction can easily get up to those temperatures and pressures. Every paper i've read agrees that it does go super critical in these vessels. if it didn't it wouln't work as well.
@The Thought Emporium
My understanding is that both the pressure and temperature must be above the critical point in order for a fluid to become supercritical. According to the phase diagram of water, at a temperature of 180°C and a pressure of 40MPa, it is well within the ordinary liquid region. The critical temperature of a substance is not dependent on the pressure.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Phase_diagram_of_water.svg/700px-Phase_diagram_of_water.svg.png
+Madarpok Since I lack the equiptment to check or see if it is super critical (although that would be really cool to watch) I can't really say one way or the other.
@The Thought Emporium It would seem the pressure chamber reaches an equilibrium inside and out. If one starts to heat with 100c temp, the thing being heated can only rise to 100c. Sure, the pressure of a gas or liquid inside a pressure will rise, but it cant get hotter inside than outside. Heating something with a 180c heat source can only raise the temp inside to 180c. Either way, maybe subcritical is sufficient for this process.
@The Thought Emporium drill bit, thread tapper, a multimeter, and for less than $2 this probe. https://goo.gl/MiziyD
I know it's a little late, but the reason the acids didn't work is probably pH. If you add a little bit of sodium/potassium carbonate or hydroxide, the reaction proceeds very quickly as you would expect. I think it's because ferric ascorbate/citrate etc are an intermediate product in the formation of iron nanoparticles and those cannot form at the low pH of ferric chloride. I found this happens with copper nanoparticle synthesis as well.
Thanks but why green tea and not black tea?
igrewold the mix of tannic acids seems to work better, but black tea might work
nick boelhouwer - 2016-01-15
:O idiea if i get the magnets in my fingers can i move this stuff then with just holding my fingers above it ??
Racc Atacc - 2019-09-06
nick boelhouwer ....