NurdRage - 2017-11-04
In this video we make the alkyl halides bromoethane and bromohexane by nucleophilic substitution of alcohol under acidic conditions. the highest yielding method is to use alcohol with hydrobromic acid and sulfuric acid. To make bromoethane 350g of 48% hydrobromic acid, 120mL of ethanol and 145mL of sulfuric acid were combined in a flask cooled in ice with plenty of time between additions to allow full cooling. The mixture was then gently heated to 40 degrees Celsius and slowly ramped to 70 Celsius to distill off the bromoethane that forms. What's happening is the classic Sn2 nucleophilic substitution reaction taught in basic organic chemistry. The alcohol is protonated by the acid conditions and essentially forms water still attached to the carbon backbone. Bromide ions come in and attack the carbon and the water leaves. This forms bromoethane. The bromohexane is washed with water and 5% sodium bicarbonate solutions before being dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Bromohexane is made in a similar fashion. 1 mole of 1-hexanol is mixed with 1.5 moles of sodium bromide and 2 moles of sulfuric acid. the mixture is refluxed for six hours and the bromohexane is recovered using a separatory funnel. it is then distilled and washed. Then fractionally distilled to remove water. Related videos: Make hydrobromic acid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3n4Xqfb9qk Make Chloroform: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvkuqLxQd2c Make chlororobenzyl chloride: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DQuv6LjB80 Donate to NurdRage! Through Patreon (preferred): https://www.patreon.com/NurdRage Through Bitcoin: 1NurdRAge7PNR4ULrbrpcYvc9RC4LDp9pS Glassware generously provided by http://www.alchemylabsupply.com/ Use the discount code "nurdrage" for a 5% discount. Social media links: Twitter: https://twitter.com/NurdRage Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NurdRageYoutube/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nurdrageyoutube/
"Hi, that's corrosive, this is flammable, sniff that and you'll get cancer. Ok let's get started!"
This is why I love this channel
I would love him to say that in the into :D
today we will be making sodium chloride. Before we begin, i must crush your expectations: this isnt cheaper than buying NaCl. we are doing this to explore the science
Warning: Dihydrogen monoxide is a known asphyxiant.
Yeah, I was always wondering why such disclaimers at all if we're doing it anyway :q It would make much more sense if that disclaimer were followed by a short instruction about HOW EXACTLY we should do it to NOT get cancer, and for contrast, what could go wrong instead to give us cancer :q (so that we knew what to avoid).
@TheHector And yet we still won't gonna eat it, right? :q
One my grignards failed disastrously so that video will be delayed, hopefully it'll be out before the end of the year. Next video should be an update on my hotplates that i repaired last year.
NurdRage Added the Bromine Compound too fast huh... ya that happened to me once. Got so hot it flashed boiled and the pressure blew the top of the reflux condenser clean off.
We want to see the failure regardless! Or atleast add it onto the end of the success. :)
igext because its grignard
did you add a crystal of iodine?
chemistry500 there should be a reaction but it may have a much lower yield and take much longer. The sulfuric acid makes the run go way faster. HBr is a stronger acid than HCl which is good, but it's still not great. Not sure but ethanol plus HCl may not react at all or even worse than HBr and ethanol. You can make chlororethane using HCl, HBr, or HI and sulfuric acid but not sure if you can get away with no sulfuric acid at all
6:35 This made me laugh way more than I should have. You are normally so careful about adding things, and you just threw the Anhydrous Magnesium Sulfate so haphazardly.
And casually just moved along without mentioning it. Haha. I laughed hard. I was expecting him to drop in a hand full after that.
I had to pause the video and look for the inevitable mention of this incident. I cracked up hard at that, it was like the moment Nurd Rage suddenly turned into How to Basic LMAOOO
Your H2SO4 looks disturbingly brown even for drain cleaner standards! Maybe try another brand?
Or you can warm it up and add a few drops of hydrogen peroxide to it to oxydize the carbon into CO2. Basically making piranha, but with very little peroxide, ideally just enough to consume the carbon. (though doing so may leave some residual peroxide behind and water down the acid a little)
If I remember correctly it had some Organics or it was the dye that was used in it
piranha031091 Or just heat it up. That should be enough.
I like this video, no bromo
Are we starting a new series?!?! Yay!
The first experiment seems to be done in a professional lab.
Going to use this in my Organic I course in the spring! Thanks, NR!
Hi! I am an amature Chemist. Could you please make a Video about how to reach the theoretical yield?
I've been thinking about bromine burning reactions. How much does the bromine being in a salt compound affect it's oxidation process? Is there a difference really at all?
I like how you left the stir bar in lol
Thank goodness you uploaded, not only are you one of my favorite YouTubers but I finnaly see a new video that isn't about the iPhone X
When you finally start understanding what nurdrage talks about after taking Organic Chem 1
Can the second method be used for the first reaction ?
thanks to the reminder bell i was able to watch this. once again you are not showing up in my sub box. it seems that only every other video comes threw.
Make a video on how to take metals to mono-atomic state pleasesss😀🤗
I loved the fact that I am finally in Organic Chemistry I and can follow the procedure perfectly. Being a chemist is awesome.
6:35 Good job
hi there i want to get my hands on some gallium but i herd that it is super expensive and i can find to buy any ideas
Great video man!
I wonder why that one wise guy decided to downvote the video. Probably saw "Bro" twice and was disappointed when he found out it was chemistry.
i remember making this stuff in my organic chem class
Yeah I think I made bromohexane in the lab.
I made this stuff on paper...
Hello, I want to ask whether this is in the manufacture of bromohexan used instead of sodium bromide potassium bromide? and if so, in what amount?
Thank you ;-)
You sound very different in this video.
Another Great video !! :D :D -- Mm ... Diferent lab's ? :/
101 view
My first gringard went out of control and boiled over... so I'm pretty sure you did better than I did!
Question: Do you think a gentle reflux for a few minutes would increase yield?
Greetings fellow nerds. Today I'm going to show you how to make hydrogen oxide. Before we begin I'm going to crush your expectations. Creating this isn't cheap than buying ordinary H2O at your local store. We're doing this to explore the science.
Then how is it that those companies can produce tons of those chemicals and it's affordable for them , and yet somehow the same is not affordable when you try the same? :q
what are those red things on the condenser?
This one of those channels you probably should download and archive for the nuclear apocalypse, so much useful info
do you think it would be a good idea to show the moles of substances whenever you are showing how much you used? might be a useful thing for viewers to know without having to figure it out themselves.
if you want to follow his recipe u dont need the moles. The only ones who would need moles could easily calculate it themselves
Will this procedure work to make Dibromo compounds from alkyl diols? Say... 1,5-dibromopentane from 1,5-pentanediol?
Please make sure your content is also stored at an alternative site in cause your caught up in issues similar to Cody’s Lab
That's a lot of magnesium sulfate, lol!
Grignard reagents! FINALLY!!
How the hell did you get that bitcoin address?
now you could convert them to alkyl iodides by refluxing with sodium iodide in acetone
Can someone please send me the link for the photo reaction he mentioned in the video? Thanks
whoops, my bad
Thank you very much and keep up the great work!
That's a pretty complicated process. Any chance of a How To Basic method?
is it okay if i use a secondary alcohol? like 2-hexanol
Hii I am Hardik can we follow the same procedure to make chlorotoluine by using hydrochloric acid or any kind of chlorinated hydrocarbon ??
By the time I need to use this knowledge I'll forget it. By the time the times make such circumstances where one needs to know this information, this video would be taken down because it's anti-gov. Hnnn.
Download it to a local backup copy. That's what I do. Then you'll still have it when you need it.
Hi there Mr Nurdrage, 1 year ago you asked us to ask you about how your hotplate stirrer elements has been doin, so how have they been doing?
Make some whisky!
Is there a reason why you aren't doing this with the Appel reaction?
Andreas Müller because triphenylphosphine is hard to obtain for the amateur as is carbon tetrabromide, which is also toxic
Where did you get the hexanol from?
Are you sure you don't have the 2-bromo hexane?
yes
is this also how you would make chlorobenzene except with a chlorine source?
Dalitas D - 2017-11-04
you have no idea how much it rubs me the wrong way to see the receiving flask on the left hand side of the destillation flask
Maggie P - 2018-12-05
HE'S SCIENCING BACKWARDS.
MAKE HIM STOP.
Ben Earhart - 2019-08-13
I roll left side. It's an elite technique.
Gregory Lazzarino - 2020-03-29
Dude for real.
Andrew Villalobos - 2020-07-23
@Yata Garasu He has a clamp at the liebig condenser and another at the joint between the distillation flask and adapter.
Leandro Paiva Abboud - 2021-02-02
what's the problem?