Doug's Lab - 2016-01-24
In this video, I attempt to chlorinate tetrachloroethylene to hexachloroethane using ferric chloride as a catalyst. Patreon link: http://www.patreon.com/DougsLab
Keep up the good work, its a pleasure to watch your detailed videos.
Hey,
I have watched a load of your videos! All of them are very interesting and informative keep it going. Quick questions, what sort of analytical equipment do you have?
Doug - you should make a video list of experiments/extractions/reactions that are ideal for hobbyists and chemistry enthusiasts like myself to do :-D
Not too advanced, but also not so basic that they're boring...
Just an idea. Love your channel!
P.S. post some chromotography stuff... Maybe a chromotography column purification followed up by a TLC analysis? Thats what im getting into. Really neat stuff!
Another awesome video as always, do you think you can make some playlists of your videos in order?
yay another nice long dougs lab :D you sir inspire me to have a lab that I cannot possibly given my current living circumstances, but I can dream
So I have all the required chemicals and glassware (mostly) to give this synthesis a shot - Does anyone know any other uses for hexachloroethane other than the smoke bombs? Can it maybe be converted into carbon tetrachloride? That could be useful.
Cool, i'm curious as to how you got your anhydrous ferric chloride, did you make it?
what do you think about reaction between CCl4 and Zinc in neutral solvent or without solwent? Maybe its more easier?
It's very hard to do without CCl4.
Interesting to hear about smoke bombs, since I've had training and a little experience with smoke generation in the army.
Your vids are an absolute pleasure. I pick up a thing or eight with every one I watch.
Hey Doug you should synthesize some oil for your lab jack. Haha love your vids
Yeah, or some handy dandy WD40.
could photochlorination of toluene in the gasphase be worth a try? Some toluene in a boiling flask with a long column surrounded by uv lamps followed by an air trap.
15:04 could you have maybe just angled the flask at like a 45 degree angle so the liquid is more on the side than the bottom? That may have helped. (Just an idea, idk if it works or not)
The pro way to do with is with chlorine radical chain reaction initiated with UV light. Just make sure to keep it cool since radical reactions can proceed quickly.
can you do a video that includes a reaction that involves an inert hydrogen atmosphere?
GREAT VIDEO..........I thought you were just going to put iron wool in the pot and make the anhydrous FeCl3 in situ. Man you got a LOT of anhydrous FeCl3. This is the only experiment i have seen FeCl3 be used other than in electrophilic halogenation of benzene and of course friedel crafts reactions
wouldnt it be better to use an oil bath for the sublimation? that way the walls are heated aswell throughout the process
Where is Doug? I hope he didn't get injured doing chemistry.
To bubble the gas into the C2Cl4 you use a small glass tube. What is that piece of glassware called?
Why don't you use a fractionating column? Do they azeotrope?
Regarding the chlorine, why not have a closed system but with a yielding member (balloon? pneumatic trough?) to store the unreacted chlorine. You would regulate chlorine additions to keep the trough partly full. You would have real-time knowledge of the reaction rate. (You would need to purge the air out of the system by starting the chlorine up early, before closing up the system).
Environmental concerns noted, my question is: would one smoke bomb with that small amount really have been that hazardous and contaminating?
Hi Andrew - Valid question, and no, not really at all. It's just that if I did do it, every comment on this video would be people freaking out and threatening to report me to the EPA.
Doug's Lab I completely understand. Love your channel. I just ordered my first set of real chemistry glassware. Going to start nice and slow. Your channel has been very educational and helpful. Keep up the great work!
hi doug. could u make a video on the synthesis of titanium lV chloride if its possible . cheers
how do you make it???
I think you wasted a lot of chlorine there. Better contact between the chlorine gas and the reacting liquid might be beneficial. Some ideas include bubbling the chlorine through a sparger to make many smaller bubbles, increasing the depth of liquid above the chlorine inlet to give longer contact time, and stirring the liquid to bring more liquid in contact with the bubble surfaces.
what if you set up a recycling system that pumped the escaped chlorine back through the reaction to improve the efficiency?
where do you buy your glass ware?
Why didn't you tilt the two neck flask to bring the cold finger out of the solution?
What size glass tubing are you using? 12mm? I need to purchase some tubing, the kind I have currently is too small
+moosehead
I use 6mm OD glass tubing. It's about the same size as a thermometer, so I can use thermometer adapters as gas delivery tubes.
awesome thanks very much
+Doug's Lab while im here, what size stopper fits your drying tube? I have the same one
Moose. Dude do you not have a set of calipers or even a ruler?
ah i think i asked this question when the tube was still in shipping, so I couldn`t measure directly, but no worries I found one that fits snug, dries gas great heh
Hey, Doug could you do a Friedel-craft alkylation reaction?
why not filter it with water to remove the FeCl3 first since the solubility is higher for it than it is C2Cl6?
Good video!
I have a question, are these substances used cheap or expensive?
This is amazing bro
Do you have plans to oil your lab jack at some point? Your videos make my dog jumpy :)
+Ian Cunningham
Ugh, you have no idea how much I want to stop that squeak! I have drenched it in grease attempting to shut it up but apparently somewhere on it something has been ground to a mirror finish that squeaks even with grease. I've tried WD-40, white lithium, and mineral oil and none of it works! I think I'm just going to avoid raising or lowering it on camera from now on. Tell your dog I'm sorry. :D
awaiting new videos!!!
its been a month.....hope you didnt breathe in to many of dem chemical fumes....i love you come back T_T
I like the 60 FPS man!
At 6:37, hexachloroethane is about 1.3 times as dense as tetrachloroethane (at least according to wikipedia), so this is probably the major cause of the decreasing liquid level.
Also, don't chlorine and ammonia produce traces of chloramine?
+TheChemistryShack chloramine would react with water
+TheChemistryShack
Thank you for clarifying that. I didn't have time to look that up while I was tending to the chlorine generator! And yes, ammonia and chlorine do form some things other than ammonium chloride. Chlorine dissolves in water to form hydrochloric and hypochlorous acids. The HCl reacts with ammonia to form ammonium chloride, and the hypochlorous acid reacts to form chloramines, which tend to decompose rapidly to ammonium chloride, nitrogen, hydrazine, and oxygen. The addition of further chlorine easily oxidizes the hydrazine and chloamines to nitrogen, HCl, and ammonium chloride.
Ammonia's volatility makes it an excellent choice for scrubbing chlorine, but is not suitable if the exit gas is not routed to a hood because small amounts of hazardous byproducts are released. However, it is very effective at absorbing large amounts of chlorine rapidly, is extremely cheap, and does not attack the vinyl hose like a NaOH solution, which is why I used it here.
@Doug's Lab Oh...that's why my NaOH chlorine traps have been destroying my vinyl tubing! No wonder!
+Doug's Lab The difference in density is actually not relevant. It's the molarity that matters in this case since the number of moles is expected to remain constant while the mass is expected to increase due to the chlorine being incorporated into the product. The molarity of tetrachloroethylene is 1622 g/l / 156.82 g/mol = 10.3 mol/l and the molarity of hexachloroethane is 2091 g/l / 236.74 g/mol = 8.8 mol/l, so the volume should actually increase under ideal conditions.
I suppose the loss of material is caused be tetracholorothylene vapor being carried away by the stream of chorine gas. This could be mitigated by using a more efficient condenser and/or reducing the flow rate.
hi i want to know chemical rice toucher how to build and what chemical use and method pls i dont know how to ( copper coin A Rice Puller is ‘anti-electricity.’ Rice Pullers interfere with
electronic & electrical items. It is very important to protect
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Where'd you go Doug? been a week since this video came out :(
Seriously we need some info about you. Hope you're not in hospital.
QUESTION..............I have used cold fingers and they always condense water on them. Is the water in the cold finger suppose to be above the dew point of the room to stop that???????????????
Ammonia and Cl2? Are you serious? Have you heard of NCl3 and NH4ClO3?
+Marcin Goławski
Co to jest? Powstaje to w tej reakcji?
To dwie substancje o skłonnościach do spontanicznego wybuchu. Może (Może!) w tym wypadku chloru wypływającego z aparatu do kolby z NH3 jest zbyt mało by powstały znaczne ich ilości, to jednak nigdy (w niekontrolowanych warunkach) nie należy mieszać amoniaku i chloru/podchlorynów/chloranów/poddawać NH4Cl elektrolizie, by uniknąć wypadków. Obie substancje mogą powstawać gdy chlorujemy amoniak.
+Marcin Goławski Nigdy o tym nie wiedziałem, dziękuję, uwielbiam w taki sposób zdobywać wiedzę :D
i always thought the word was sublimate
next, do Crystal Meth, or maybe... cook some Krokodil. I think you should make this into a three- part series, so after Krokodil, maybe you can do Jenkem?
why do you need a lewis acid for this? if bromine in carbon tetrachloride can take dibromoethene all the way to the saturated product, and chlorine itself is a bit more lively than bromine...?
psycronizer You need it to polarize the cl2 so sou can do an electrophilic addition at the double bond
JOHN BLACK SUPER CHEMIST can you stop talking like...................................... this? Seriously, no one fucking talks like that in real life.
Doug sounds like Jon Hamm
(Doug, are you OK?)
(will you tell us that you're OK)
(there's a sign in the fumehood)
(that you breathed in something nasty Douggie)
(help came into your apartment)
(found you coughing on the carpet)
(then you ran into the showers)
(you were poisoned)
(it was your doom)
(Doug, are you OK?)
(so, Douggie, are you OK?)
(are you OK Douggie?)
(you've been hit by)
(you've been struck by
A brewed chemical)
make a video on how to make 70% hydrogen peroxide from scratch.
BadWo1f greetings from TX! H2O2 is easily made from the 3% it comes in 1000ml bottles. Pour it into a absolutely clean 2000ml beaker and put it on a hot plate set at 50 deg C and have a fan in the same place and slowly the H2O will distill off, leaving the H2O2 that boils at over 130 C. The solution goes over about 4 to 5 hours leaving 100% of approx 24 mls. I stop at 50mls of 50% costs about $ 0.88 US. Bye
a little off the subject, but do you know how to , and could you do a video on how to make pentanol? why is it so expensive now? they want like 180 buck for a liter, I think it is because they want the rush popper market shored up, but it cant be that hard to make is it??? and what is the difference in 1 pentanol, and 3 pentanol?
Pentanol, and alcohols in general are obtained from fermentation. Pentanol doesn't have that many uses so it isn't produced on mass scales to make it cheap like ethanol. The 1 and 3 are the position of the OH on pentanol. 1 pentanol has the OH on the first carbon, 3 pentanol has it on the third.
so how do you make it? and thanks on why it so hard t find. an no I'm not a chemistry scholar, just dabbler, so ya I need it broken down in simple ways.
+One2rock Depends on what you have available. You could reduce valeric acid with lithium aluminum hydride or borane; or you could hydrate n-pentene with borane and workup with peroxide (if you would use pentene and aqueous acid, you would get 2-pentanol - Markownikoff's rule). This is pretty basic organic chemistry, but the precursors are not readily available either. The most realistic approach would probably be the hydrolysis of a pentyl ester with aqueous NaOH: amyl acetate and pentyl butyrate seem to be fairly common chemicals.
Trans Gay Atheist Marijuana Smoker pretty sure he wanted to know the difference in production between 1 and 3 pentanol.
Aw I wish I lived in the middle of nowhere too :P
(sort of ^_^)
hboy007 - 2016-07-30
Maybe tilting the round bottom flask by 45 degrees moves the liquid sufficiently far away from the cold head condensor. That might work in simple setups.