Cody'sLab - 2018-06-14
I put a battery and some magnets on a pool of mercury. Faraday Motor Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ms7x9bSlbcU First version of this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec67B8uvMVA Help me make videos by donating here: https://www.patreon.com/CodysLab Follow me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/codydonreeder SubReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/codyslab/
So what you're saying is we should simply replace all rivers with mercury so we can use these as boats. sounds good to me
you could use it as a type of motor rather than the boat itself.
imagine the job loss of corpse carriers
@Jenerik_Guy I'm completely in favor of your idea. First we need to find a celestial source of Mercury in order to get the amount needed! Also, the rest of you are far too autistic and dumb to appreciate the pure genius of this idea and will consequently be the first to be sacrificed to the beautiful Mercury rivers.
@Lerquian Replace it with Brawndo.
@金3 A.M. No problem, you'll be perfectly safe as you'll float ;)
Crosses are vectors "into the page", dots are "out of the page". Think of an actual arrow: the cross is the feathers, the dot is the tip.
Edit: Okay wow didn't know being pedantic was so likeable. I think I'm learning the wrong lesson here.
Immediately scrolled down to post this. Glad to see I was 3 hours late :^)
I was actually about to say the same lol. My instructor in college explained it this way and it makes a lot of sense.
It's ok, Cody. We forgive you <3
I'd also like to point out that he wrote the + and - ends of the battery backwards. The tip is + and the flat base is -
Also the rule he used is Ampere's right hand rule that gives direction of magnetic field for current carrying element. It does not give force on charged particle in the magnetic field. You should use Fleming's rule or even better just do the cross product.
Awesome! What happens if you move a strong magnet over mercury? Will the Eddie currents pull the mercury around?
C o l l a b w h e n ?
reminds me of eddie pulling nicola around :(
I wonder what reaction a strong electromagnet would have on the mercury
givemee da meeta
But where is the fool bridge rectifier?
He had gloves on while playing with mercury...
WHO ARE YOU AND WHERE IS OUR CODY?!?!
electricity is like dangerous yo
Something something right angles to the direction of current.
Something something homo-polar motor
cough cough THE MIDDLE FINGER IS FOR B-FIELD cough
Em6er THE THUMB IS RESERVED FOR THE FORCE
If you were wondering, Cody was not suffering from Mercury poisoning attacking his central nervous system. He was demonstrating the "Right Hand Rule" in electronics.
The side of the battery with the nub sticking out is the positive end, which receives electrons from the circuit. The electrons come out of the negative terminal, which is the flat side. You know what might be cool? Using a resistor to limit the flow and gluing "paddles" to the magnets so it very slowly rotates and paddles its way across the mercury. Of course, mercury being so dense and sociable (alloy-wise), finding a suitable paddle material might be tricky.
Tom Haflinger
I'm citing plastic because it has no reactivity with mercury. The weight of the battery would prevent "walking". We're all familiar with the density and properties of mercury we don't need you to play captain obvious.
Tom Haflinger
Furthermore I'm sure that you are confusing surface tension, and density. Surface tension in mercury is broken down very quickly by its density.
I did some rough calculations, and it seems that as long as the part of the fins currently facing down displaces less than 2cc, they should be able to remain submerged. I overestimated the difference in density. Probably doable with plastic.
I wasn't confusing surface tension with density, just overestimating the density of mercury. When I said "walk" I wasn't speaking in the sense of a waterbug but more in the sense of the recent video where Cody is standing upright in a tub with about a foot of mercury, and his feet don't touch the bottom because he's floating.
Brilliant Cheesecake No, the electron flow from the anode (-) to the cathode (+). The conventional current is + --> - (when doing electrical enginering you use this notion of electrical current but it isn't the real direction of elecricity).
"If I'm wrong on that, blame Ben Franklin."
I need to remember that line.
This is what happens when you define things for the first time.
It doesn't change the math at all (except for a negative sign), so it doesn't really matter, but it really bothers some people for some reason. It's similarly funny to listen to physics professors complain about circuit analysis techniques, since 'there isn't really a superposition, just one value for current and voltage'.
Also, this 'mistake' on charge assignment is even less of an issue when you really get into charge flows within materials. In semiconductor physics, for example, you'll find that holes (positive charge 'carriers' that are just the absence of an electron) behave differently than electrons; they 'move' more slowly and so have a greater effective mass, resulting in a differing size in the depletion region on the n and p sides of a pn-junction, among other things.
While the hole is just a made up entity to refer to the lack of an electron where one could be in a material, it's treated as its own entity rather than always working the math as if the only charge carrier of interest in these systems was the electron (the physical fact).
Melvin Jansen He wasn't president (he died while Washington was in office) although that would have been funny, as he was known as something of a trickster. The other Founding Fathers wouldn't even let him near the Declaration of Independence because they were worried he'd write dirty jokes into it.
ssholum Doesn't change the math? Isn't the fact that electrons are considered to have negative charge the entire reason electrical engineers have to learn how to work with square roots of negative numbers?
Angolin
You use complex numbers to deal with time variance in an easier way by switching to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, capacitors and inductors have a reactance value that behaves the same in the math as a resistance value, just on the imaginary axis (j3ohms instead of 3ohms, for example). So you can find the voltage over a capacitor in an AC circuit as easily as you'd find the voltage over a resistor in a DC circuit; and the current would be found by dividing the reactance into the voltage, same as finding the current through a resistor.
You can do all of that math in the time domain (students in an AC circuits class will do so in very simple circuits to prove the point that it's a pain in the ass... as well as to understand what the complex numbers actually mean), but why divide a sinusoid by a time derivative function when you can divide two complex numbers?
You're also not locked into only having a voltage relation for capacitance (current through a capacitor only exists if there's a change in voltage) and a current relation for inductance (voltage across an inductor only exists if there's a change in current) this way; you get nice reactance values that are positive for inductance (i.e. j2) and negative for capacitance (-j2).
By the way, electrical engineers use 'j' instead of 'i' for the imaginary unit; this is just because 'i' was already taken for current. Just a note in case that threw anyone off.
To get back to the original point: the imaginary axis in the frequency domain representation is the 90degree phase shift in the time dependent sinusoidal function: cos(wt + [phase shift]); it has nothing to do with defining the electron as a negative charge. If there is something that turns into the square root of a negative number only because of that charge definition, it's so insignificant that it doesn't come to mind; complex numbers are all over electrical engineering (and physics in general), and they really aren't as scary as people make them out to be; just another number. What they represent depends on the context, just like any other number.
I know what most of those words mean, but not when they're in that arrangement.
Still, I learned something today. I didn't get most of the sine wave stuff, but I'm getting that the basic idea is to treat certain properties of a capacitor like a resistor by graphing a sine wave in a 3D graph and labeling one of the axes with imaginary numbers. Interesting math trick if I understood it right, and if not then I guess you know why I failed the AC portion of my intro to electronics class.
Hey, ever thought about making Aerogel?
He should do dat
“Blame Ben Franklin” -literally everyone who has ever had issues in magnetics
I'm 15 years old and I've been watching Cody since I was around 12 years old. I've honestly learned a lot about geology, certain minerals and chemicals, and a little about gardening. I plan to be an electrical engineer when I'm an adult so most of what Cody is about will not apply to my career, but it is still fun and entertaining to watch this videos and learn new and interesting things. Good job on the videos, Cody! Keep it up!
Many electrical engineers never become adults.
"Growing old is mandatory; growing up is optional."
Chase Stayancho - Au contraire! If you get a job to design things as an electrical engineer, you will be expected to draw upon every predictable smidgen of physics or engineering that you know to create the best possible design for a product.
I've been watching Cody for years now as well and along the way, I actually became an eletrical engineer. Keep going, it's awesome!
You should also watch EEVBlog, if you don't already. Also, Afrotechmods and GreatScott!
I'd highly suggest Marco Reps over GreatScott. bigclivedotcom is also great fun.
Now I wanna see it with a 18650... probably not a good idea. :D
Alucard Pawpad OMG THE WORLD MIGHT END😱😱😱
lightdark00 vape life broski
some 18650 chemistries like IMR are supposedly safe without a protection pcb. incidentally, these are high-power cells with low internal resistance ;)
I should have said one of the 18650's "safety-rated" for vaping with the super-high current output. :)
With a supercapacitor? Anyone?
I loved your delighted mad-scientist chuckle when the apparatus began to move :-)
Aside from the polairity being reversed on yer drawing this is so cool. Can you power a small boat or ? with it ?
Actually, the polarity is not reversed on the drawing. Because of a decision made by scientists a long time ago, the actual polarity of a circuit is opposite to the one drawn on paper. That's because people at first assumed that electrons are positively charged, and when they discovered they are negative they just didn't feel like changing every scientific paper about electricity writted so far. So if you want to talk about how electrons really work yoy have to draw the polarity opposite to what we are used to.
They way he drew the battery is backwards, the end of a battery with the nub on it is positive.
Yeah, i noticed that after posting the comment and didn't feel like changing it...
Here at Cody's lab FUN is our number 1 priority
Person From The Crowd "What about safety?"
OHHH ya that is number 85 next to carrying about flat earthers
You been handling silver nitrate with bare hands again Cody?
Bare forearm, it looks like.
"You been handling silver nitrate with bare hands again Cody?" --- That's the line the old-perv pilot says to the little boy in the movie Airplane
Magnetohydrodynamics! In mercury! Because of course it's gotta involve mercury on this channel :p
You could make a similar propulsion mechanism with a series of magnets to make it work in salt water,
or if you have power burning a hole in your pocket, just ionize air and make your own little flying saucer complete with pretty plasma!
Or you could configure a tube connecting two vessels containing Hg, run a DC current from one to the other, and place a magnet by the tube to pump Hg from one vessel into the other.
MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) motor. Well, MagnetoHgDynamic in this case!
Martin Dinner ack! Beat me to it
Built a saltwater MHD for my senior year science fair. One of three judges understood the concept.
Magnetichygrodynamic?
Yeah, thinking the same thing.
You built one? Details? How effective was it?
Magnetomercuridynamic
No wonder why some people saw science as magic back in the day
4d7a63754e7a59314f446b7a4c4330354e7934794e54597a4d54673d
some people still do
A. G. bro how dumb can you be?
Justin O'Brien magic is a word and words are a lie. i can call my farts magic and it will be true
The point is that we can't feel the electrons coming out of the battery in a way it looks like magic! With science we developed ways to measure things that we can't feel with our 5 or more senses, so it can be called magic.
This would also works on salty water if you could make the battery float with pieces of cork or something.
I really have to say, it is an amazing experience to be a patron of Cody'slab:
I literally commented on this topic a couple of hours ago, and where a simple reply would be more than enough, Cody took the time to work it into a whole explanation video!
If anyone reading this is still unsure of whether or not becoming a patron is worth it, you really are missing out. I have never once regretted becoming a patron, but I have had quite a number of really nice conversations and interactions with Cody.
Set up a Patreon and I'll donate to you so you can donate to Cody ;)
:D thats a good suggestion but im too young to do that im still in high school...
The amount of asskissing in that post is increfible...
This reads like a burner account.
I think Cody should set up a Cody's Lab checking account & post the wiring direction # in every video so people can send money & skip the middleman that's taking, like, 30%. He could set up the account to keep only the bare minimum to maintain the account, and auto-transfer the rest safely to his personal checking.
Best mad scientist this side of YouTube. Thanks for the entertainment Cody.
Cody you're a mad scientist!! During the winter I seen some punch throughs on the ice on my pond. I am going to do some magnet fishing have a hunch there might be some meteorites in there!!
The battery is drawn with reverse polarity.
Eddie Van Horn It's a short circuit.
Eddie Van Horn Cody blames ben
So does short circuit reverse polarity of a battery?
Sharma, battery still the same, regardless of short, else what is compelling electron flow? Nub not rubbed out by radical current!
Steve Lawson ?
This can be used in a real boat using the ions of sea water. It is called magnetohydrodynamic drive
See "The Hunt for Red October".
kmarasin but only the movie.
In the book they use an impeller drive :)
Heh, I just finished up highschool and this is the last thing we did in my physics class. Right hand rule and electromagnetism and the like.
Awesome video. Wonder what would happen if you had a small current running through the mercury and then tried it. Could you do it without a battery??
Phrases I don't often enough have occasion to say: 'just motoring its way across a pool of mercury'.
Next episode: "Driving a Magnet Boat in my Pool of Liquid Mercury"
Haha, right-hand-rule...😁
Watching him turning that thumb around. Once you learn it you never forget it, but you have to twist that damn thumb to see it.
but isnt his rule usage completely incorrect? He should be using his left hand for an electron :/
아유 use your right hand, and flip the answer for the electrons
A "left hand rule" works for negative charges too.
This reminds me of Barlow's Wheel which used Mercury as one of the electrical contacts....
Did it get warmer when it wasent spinning as fast, i wonder?
Like after you switched the magnet
They are both shorts but maby the spinning and moving the mercury so much would absorb a lot of the energy or something?
Absolutely love how you can tell exactly when Cody starts doubting himself <3
I thought the battery end with the nipple was the +ve. That said the flow of electrons was negative to positive.
Alex Siemers the end with the nipple is positive so its the anode
@cody: OK, I'll bite. Why do you blame Ben?
@SUPERMAR10312 on a battery supplying current, it's the reverse of a diode. I think it's defined in terms of "an anode is the side that conventional current enters a device".
Yeah. That made me angry. I don't like me when I'm angry.
But now I've had a beer, and I'm happy as a clam! Or claps. Cody's forgiven! Everyone's forgiven!
I forgive the world!
Ben is not forgiven. I had a beer last night... well, maybe three and now I have a head ache. Ben messed up, electrons do not come out his battery nipples, but he told the world otherwise.
Honestly I love how you ''teach'' us the whole thing, I could stay up all night watching these cause they are so interesting. Keep up the good work Cody, and thanks for the small science lessons :)
*discovers secret to infinite energy* "isn't that lovely?"
the cell looks so cute while drifting in Mercury
😂😂 curse you Ben Franklin. Everyone will be blaming him for everything now
SCIENCE RULZ!!! (in good part due to Cody's amazing videos) :-)
Thank you Cody, for taking the time to perform these experiments and publish your findings here on YouTube! :-D
I just finished my last A level physics test today, seeing more magnetic fields and electrons is no thank you
"if I''m wrong on that, blame Ben Franklin" LMAO, I couldn't stop laughing!
Would love to see a mercury fountain made by submerging an energised coil. Turn the coil sideways and it would be like a jet engine to push a little boat around
"I think that's how they work..."
I was waiting on the interstellar theme when it started spinning
What would happen if you double stacked or triple stacked the magnets on the end?
The end of the battery with the little nop is the positive end
I love you cody, been watching for years now and would love to see you do this again but with a small dollar-store solar panel in place of a battery.
You’re answering the real questions I never thought I wanted to know
Super interesting! Cheers Cody!
If only you could prevent thermal runaway, this would be interesting to try with an 18650 cell!
FlyingJetpack1 - 2018-06-15
[Cody messes around with stuff]
[Accidentaly makes a motor]
Sounds about right.