PBS Space Time - 2017-02-02
Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/DonateSPACE Using geometry we can not only understand, but visualize how causality dictates the order of events in our universe. Start your Audible trial today at http://www.audible.com/spacetime You can further support us on Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime Get your own Space Time tshirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi Tweet at us! @pbsspacetime Facebook: facebook.com/pbsspacetime Email us! pbsspacetime [at] gmail [dot] com Comment on Reddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime Help translate our videos! https://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g In this episode we dive deeper into the relationship between space and time and explore how we can geometrically map the causality of the universe and increase our understanding of how time and distance relate to one another. Important Reference Episodes: The Speed of Light is not about Light (1:16) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msVuCEs8Ydo Can You Trust Your Eyes in Space Time? (1:16) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4rW_pPbD-U Previous Episode: Why Quasars are so Awesome https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TZEp_n3eIc&t=63s Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd Produced by Rusty Ward Graphics by Grayson Blackmon Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com) Comments Answered by Matt: Michael Lloyd https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q7EvLhOK08&lc=z135yvabnnr2t1cfv22azxuyiwmux5xai04 Jose Hernandez https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q7EvLhOK08&lc=z13zzv5wmvrhe5hpn04chzwbnoznthg4j1w Joan Eunice https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TZEp_n3eIc&lc=z13ncrdwnpj0wfplk23exlqwqnauvkpc Mike Cammiso https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TZEp_n3eIc&lc=z13fxdlopsylwh5f122rh3oycpyxjr1pn04 Bikram Sao https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TZEp_n3eIc&lc=z12uytbouwb0t3pym04cg3szjmqyeffzvlo0k Cinestar Productions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TZEp_n3eIc&lc=z121zlv51n3ls5m5b04cjpjwcpavu5xok3s Special thanks to our Patreon Big Bang, Quasar and Hypernova Supporters: Big Bang Henry Van Styn David Nicklas Quasar Jelle Slaets Tambe Barsbay Joel Brinton Luna IT Solutions Hypernova Joe Chuck Zegar Craig Peterson Jordan Young Ratfeast John Hofmann Thanks to our Patreon Gamma Ray Burst Supporters: Bernardo Higuera Erik Stein Daniel Lyons Avan & Kyan Griggs Bernardo Higuera Jade Bilkey Kevin Warne JJ Bagnell J Rejc Michael Fischer Dylan Merida Amy Jie Anthony Caridi Avi Goldfinger Corey Smeaton John Pettit Shannan Catalano Florian Stinglmayr Yubo Du Benoit Pagé-Guitard Ronny Polonia Nathan Leniz Jessica Fraley Kirk Mathews Loro Lukic Carl P. Corliss Brandon labonte David Crane Greg Weiss Eric Jackson Will and Sonja Marple
I don't really know what this means, but the pretty colors amuse me.
Doctress Calibrator *steupihd
@Lyubomir Ikonomov hahaha (((~8
@Doctress Calibrator well, he might've just started his interest in physics, and just because he doesn't understand the terminology of graduate level astrophysics doesn't mean he is stupid.
It means that the problem of traveling faster than the speed of causality is a problem imposed by geometry.
@Doctress Calibrator "The only true wisdom is in knowing that you know nothing." - Socrates
Beyond the event horizon this channel is PBS Time Space.
Haha good one
LMFAO
Funny
"But using geometry, instead of math". Poor geometers :(
We need an independent gif of you riding the EM drive. For reasons.
That would perfectly sum up all space-time in one gif :D
Please post said GIF to the subreddit if you find/make it
Made one. https://j.gifs.com/vo590n.gif
That was genius
"There was a young lady named Bright,
Who could travel, faster than the speed of light
Said she went off one day,
In a relative way,
Begun for her return
when the time was right
Only to arrive the previous night"
:)
That is a great poem.
@Alexander Townsend Yes! One of my favorites...
Lived in many apartment buildings. One man's floor is another man's ceiling.
Don't know what that has to do with the topic, it just popped into my head listening to Matt.
I have five cats.
@fuffoon That's 45 lives.
Can you make a stupid people version of this?
That's what this was! There's always Sky Scholar.
That time is an illusion and everything happens at once
Such a high-quality, high value video. Thank you!! I'm a curious 51 year old layman, using this and other videos to scratch that itch (yearning, really) to understand more about whatever IS is.
I'm 34 and doing the same thing, I applaud your thirst for understanding!
great respect for your keep that sparkle alive
I don't understand most of it, but it's fun to watch.
haha i learned a lot and got some recap of stuff, but while watching this i imagined people watching this like Bob Ross :D
Nathan St.Antoine it's a proven FACT our ability to learn is diminished as we reach adulthood, this doesn't mean we cannot still learn, jeez.
I was a pipefitter for 20yrs, good one too, ran a lot of nice work, I cannot seam to get algebra, did plenty of trigonometry, but algebra escapes me for some reason, I look on with awe.
Lamington again, it's just a proven fact by science that when we are about 1-13 are brains our sponges, and it's downhill from there. The accumulated intelligence of course is raised to a certain point, but trying to learn something new, "can't teach and old dog new tricks" isn't a phrase out of the eather, but born out of perfectly valid science.
You're not alone
there is no understanding it EVER!!! cause it is relative
Yep..this confirms it. I am dumb.
''To all my students in astronomy this semester..." does he actually teach classes?
late answer, but: yes, he actually does
@Henning Hoppe in a university I assume ?
@Dilectio Sapientiae yes. he's a university professor and a real astrophysics researcher.
ERROR.
Brain.exe stopped working
4:29 “These are not just a pretty pattern”
Just putting this here for the author of the subtitles
Expect this video to receive a few hundred more views in the coming week. They'll all be mine of course.
"Yes, there is a curve" - it is all I needed to hear. I'm in.
Having the "observer" be Uatu was neat!
The best episode I've seen for a while. I really appreciate the time (no pun) taken for the complex visuals.
I'm probably going to have to re-watch this a few times.
I'm going to watch c times
I'm thinking of like 100 times more before I can understand at least the words on surface meaning. Sign...
I first watched this over a year ago. I come back to it every now and then, hoping that my intelligence has increased enough to understand this video a bit better.
Explains why mitcourseware has so many hits
I was just thinking that! LOL
Please take me to the mental Hospital
To be honest my friend, there is no fun in a mental hospital. So lets try to have fun now.
@ヘルシークロレラ so it's not fun da mental?
@VioletteOrdinaire buh dum tsssssss
That change from 2D to 3D was awesome, I love seeing how the same concepts can be explained so differently
This is one of the best channels on Youtube. Hands-down.
4:28 "pretty pattern" someone fix the subtitles please
7:00 "Using geometry rather than math" ah buddy i got some bad news
Must be nice to have a prof who hosts a show on youtube... Wish I had one...
0:23 "Causal Geography" It's okay, fam.
6:00 - Star Trek TNG sounds
A man once told me time is a flat circle.
what is a circle and what do you mean by flat
Recursive you mean?
Was he living in the True Detective Universe? Was his name Nietzsche? I wonder if Tachyons in this flat universe traviel in a flat circle. If so, what do they do when they reach the big bang?
Time Cube (look it up)
This explains the Tesseract scenes in Interstellar perfectly!
9:59 OHHHHHHHHH
this was my "oh" moment
One of the best explanations on the subject that I've heard in a long time.
It is a very fresh and new perspective on the same idea that we all know and love.
Each new perspective allows us to understand the subject better, so this video is critical for our encompassing learning around this subject.
Thank you to +PBS Space Time for this great explanation.
It's funny, but in the end, we all get to our own precise explanation of the subject, as far as it is able to penetrate within our reasoning. So it is always nice to try and see the subject from the perspective of another person who is able to do the same thing.
Based on this explanation, I am able to know that you have a logically structured reasoning system and the ability to conform Physics to it, through math and geometry.
Keep it up, looking forward to seeing more of your perspective of the universe's structure.
Binyamin
Ps. Love to talk Physics with you some time.
Great explanation. But still no understanding it cause all things are relative and relativity cannot be defined by any man made word
Still does nothing to explain the twin paradox. Why there should be any asymmetry when he's on the rocket vs the observer on earth is still beyond me
This has got to be one of your best episodes yet. I was sceptical when Gabe left, but now... am I a bad person if I say I'm glad?
When he says there's a curve in his class, is it a closed timelike curve?
When the diagram rotated from 2D to 3D, I was like "ooooOOOOOAAAAAAAAAHHHHHHH !!!!!!"
One the most mind-blowing videos on this channel (and that’s saying a lot!).
“Space Time” should make a whole playlist revolving around Time and Temporality in contemporary physics.
7:00 "using geometry, rather then math" whut? I'm confused.
Hahahaha, yes, this was mean :D
What he means is that transforms like Fourier, Z & Laplace, those are the only ones that I know but apparently there are many more, use maths. Lorentz is purely based on a physical theory than math.
"At least is True... That mankind has no control even in his own will..."
Berserk Intro Narrator
The English voice actor killed that man.
I'd love to know what he's talking about from about 5:30 onward. I've watched multiple times and still don't get it.
The spacetime interval: A sAx - cAt
At least, that's what it looked like to me. (:
There are only two certainties in life: death and causality
"Spacetime travelers."
You mean "Time Bandits".
I love this stuff so cool can’t wait to start learning this in school
I just love this channel. Thank you everyone.
“To preserve our sanity.....” LOL I started going insane at 9:15
Ha I got an ad for PBS Space Time as I que up a PBS Space Time video. Causality?
No! Fatality.
Babality.
Wait...
Friendship...Friendship? Again?
Toaaastyyyy.
Ok i'm done.
12:05 - An even simpler explanation for the mathematically-calculated infinite density of a black-hole is that the mathematics actually predicts an infinite number of possible configurations, and people just assume the most extreme one is the most accurate for some reason. If you compress any amount of matter or energy into a space smaller than its Schwartzschild Radius, it will manifest an event horizon, but that doesn't mean the matter suddenly collapses into a single point of infinite density -- it just means that the event horizon keeps us from observing the actual configuration of the matter in its hyper-compressed state, and so we are left to fumble around with mathematics to predict what it might be like. A black hole with an infinitely-dense singularity in the center behaves exactly the same as a black hole "filled" with a neutron star compressed slightly smaller than its Schwartzschild Radius, so we can't mathematically deduce which one is correct -- but we can assert that a hyper-compressed neutron star is more likely to actually exist than an infinitely-dense singularity is. Personally I subscribe to the latter explanation: Black holes are just neutron stars (or quark stars, or whatever may lie beyond that) which have been compressed smaller than their Schwartzschild Radii.
1:24 XD I really appreciate the work you guys put in these videos <3
Thank you for this. I find it immensely easier to understand it when it's expressed in geometry, as here, rather than in numbers.
Man, I love this channel so much!! Our universe never ceases to amaze me..
also love the fact you end every episode with "space-time" ;-)
Man, these videos fill me with awe because they make me realize that there is so much we don't know. Really puts your feet back on the ground.
Livid Imp - 2017-02-03
PBS Space Time, the cure for people that thought they were smart.
Liam Kneeson - 2020-01-21
@Questing I'm quite sure the relativist you speak of is plenty aware that a force acted upon the clock in order to accelerate it through spacetime. I think you understand the subject and have developed a bit of arrogance about it. Dont worry, it's natural. I remember being a little too proud when i got my first engineering job, i thought i was better than my friends and always felt i had to teach them. Then i realized i was being a bit of a donkey.
Questing - 2020-01-21
@Liam Kneeson haha lol. Except that I was trying to be a donkey. Youre right, there is an arrogant tone in my comment, but not because I'm an arrogant person. I'm really not. Its just that I've been speaking politely to the crowd, trying to get its attention, and it has ignored me. So now I try poking the crowd, see if that gets a response.
In answer to your comment. "No" the Relativist is categorically unaware that the effect of "time dilation" corresponds to a "modulated value of force". They think of it within terms of dilated time causes time dilation. That time governs causality and that time is a fundamental property of the world. Thats why time serves as a fundamental parameter of the mathematical model that is spacetime. But in doing so they have completely disregarded from where they derived their "measure of time" that then defines their model. That parameter of time was sourced from a force operated system, and therefore time is a derivative of the forces that allowed the clock dial to express a measure of time.
But what I'm saying is, time is merely a measurement. A measurement of force caused activity. The expressions of force govern causality and dictate causalities rates of expression. Nowhere does Relativity theory acknowledge or detail this relationship. And the question of "what governs the rate of causality" is obviously very central to a theory that models "a variable rate of causality" which is precisely what Relativity Theory does, what it is. You can progress a theory that models a variable rate of causality "as Relativity theory does" by incorporating the aspects that drive causality, and govern the rates of causality. And clearly forces animate the world and can serve as this aspect. Relativist don't do this in any regard even though you seem to think they should recognize the sense of this.
Look at it this way. A measurement "reflects" something meaningful of the system that is measured. So if you entertain the notion that the property of time is merely a measurement, then what is it a measurement of? because whatever it is a measure of, it offers a meaningful reflection of. So its an important detail that time is derived from system activity, from clocks which are force operated. Systems which owe their activity to forces. So the measurement of time provides a reflection of these system forces.
This has major implications for Relativity Theory, because current thinking is that "time is a fundamental aspect of the world". But what you and I are discussing here is that time is merely a reflection of a more fundamental property, that of atomic force. Context is everything, and this changes the context of Relativity theory. Relativity theory is really about atomic forces, and dilated atomic forces rather than being about time and dilated time. Because time is a reflection of from what it was derived from, and being active forces.
You are an engineer, so you definitely appreciate the relationship between system activity and forces. And system acceleration and force. But like I said earlier, the Relativist see's system acceleration in the case of clocks and time dilation, and they defer credit to time. They see clock acceleration and cite time instead of force. There's no shame in making mistakes, and they have made a mistake.
It can be summarized like this. Einsteins spacetime concept is first and foremost a coordinate system. Einstein realized there was an anomaly, that bodies in motion and within gravitational fields dont arrive where and when you would expect them too. He realized there was a systematic pattern expressed by these anomalous arrival times, that could be systematically compensated for by adjusting rates of time and the length of trajectories. Time dilation and length contraction. This was a spectacular success, but he never revealed why nature behaves this way, what is the mechanism responsible for this behaviour of nature. Well, you as an engineer know the role forces play in dictating departure and arrival times. There is nothing simpler than such a consideration, that the car arrives earlier if you accelerate faster. Acceleration via applied force.
Relativist are so confused by the complexity of Relativity theory, the complexity as demonstrated by this PBS video, that they cant even see the sense of these explanations. Suddenly they wont even acknowledge the relationship that exists between acceleration and force. They think what Im explaining here is a result of being naive. Even though what I'm actually doing here is describing the world as it occurs before our very eyes. That anybody can see. That forces animate the world, and the expression of those forces dictates causality and its rates. and that Relativity theory is a theory that tracks a variable rate of causality, which we've just concluded is dictated by expressions of natural forces.
Context leads inquiry, and this context as laid out above leads to a range of unique questions concerning the nature of the world. There is so much more to this.............
Questing - 2020-01-21
@Liam Kneeson one of your comments disappeared? something about "forget cars only elementary particles exist"?
Do you know what happened to this comment?
Questing - 2020-01-21
@Liam Kneeson Allow me to ask you?
Is there any circumstance whereby a force operated system can be accelerated, that does not involve applied forces?
Because the property of "time dilation" is empirically demonstrated by acceleration of clocks, and clocks are force operated systems.
You said "forget cars". I do take your meaning well. So lets use atoms, atomic activity as our clock. Atomic activity is generated by atomic forces. Atomic clocks do empirically demonstrate time dilation effect, which is to say an acceleration of atomic activity. The question is, "does this acceleration of atomic activity correspond to a modulated value of force, or applied force?" as it would for a classical mechanical system?
I hope this gives you pause for thought. There is nothing simpler in classical physics than the concept of acceleration due to force. However Relativistic physics is utterly neglectful of this consideration. Question is, rightfully or wrongfully so?
cytrax - 2020-02-13
I come here to get my ego self in check. lol