RC286 - 2013-11-15
i'm literally using billions of transistors to learn how transistors were invented/made. Cool.
imagine how many transistor girls would've been needed for them lol
Yes, the transistor, led´s and chips are for so long reliable that we can´t do without them intechnology matters, kind regards.
A single transistor is basically free!
No, these were BJT's and computers and phones use MOSFET's
@Lucas Pratt you would need trillions of vacuum tubes (replacements needed as old tubes keep burning)!
The Japanese didn't have the money, ut they had the intelligence, the enthousiasm, and the determination. Thumbs up !
We have to admire the ingenuity of these men, that developed science with so few resources.
That was before the USA made China great again, and Mexico is paying for it.
@Yola Montalvan Shut up.
everyone: we got no money so i guess we cant do anything
japanese: we will use mirrors and garbage to make it work
Go watch Kerosan and get back to me
Lol!!!!!!
That mirror on the needle trick is ingenious.
except not... if they had understood meter wiring, they could have adjusted the xfmr wiring on the primary or secondary and fixed the problem
@SC Fulmer How about you let us in on the ingenious things you've invented since you're clearly smarter than everybody else.
It was already well known before. It was used in the experiments to deduce the law of gravity. It was also employed by Lord Kelvin, to detect the extremely faint bit of signal that came through the first transatlantic telegraph cable (until Whitehouse insisted on just using more power, and fried the cable :) )
It was an old invention.
The mirror galvanometer was used in telegraph equipment in the mid 1800s.
Yes, but it's basically an old trick from the 19th century: the mirror galvanometer
I remember when I was a little kid in the early 60s nobody wanted anything that was made in Japan. Made in Japan meant it was something cheap and would fall apart easily. That sentiment was gone by 1968.
Some credit for quality improvements should go to W. Edward Deming's visit to Japan industrialists in 1950:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Edwards_Deming
"Deming is best known for his work in Japan after WWII, particularly his work with the leaders of Japanese industry. That work began in July and August 1950, in Tokyo and at the Hakone Convention Center[4], when Deming delivered speeches on what he called "Statistical Product Quality Administration". Many in Japan credit Deming as one of the inspirations for what has become known as the Japanese post-war economic miracle of 1950 to 1960, when Japan rose from the ashes of war on the road to becoming the second-largest economy in the world through processes partially influenced by the ideas Deming taught:[5]
> design of products to improve service
> Higher level of uniform product quality
> Improvement of product testing in the workplace and in research centers
> Greater sales through side [global] markets"
that's right
i was born 73
i remember in the 80's all the best stuff was made in japan
so... 60's , Japanese technology is shit
80's Japanese technology was ahead of the world
funny how times change hehe
johnknoefler that’s because it’s all about cheap labor my friend it was all created to damage American. That’s why America has turned into a third right state not enough hospitals bridge is broken down everything in tatters and the American banker made it that way they saw an opportunity after World War II and made Japan rich and now China is. Looking to bite the hand that fed them.😂😂😂😂
johnknoefler you say why does all this matter. Because knowing history will allow us to change the future Trump for president💪🏻👍🏻
really? I remember that as "made in Taiwan"
I like how these engineers were determined, resilient, and successful. This is good inspiration.
Mr. S This was easily done, after WW2, US engineers, went over to Japan. Great.
We value these qualities less and less these days. It seems that now a days, the louder you whine, bitch and complain, the more effective you are. Hard work and determination are frowned upon.
@strontiumXnitrate Sad but true, that's why we are collapsing no one understands the only commodity of value is Labour.
Exploitation of said labour and hedonism*
I'm a nerdy, nerdy, nerd and I love a good documentary
This is a Good Documentary.
Can you please give some sites for downloading scientific documentaries ?
That would be very grateful and kind of you.
Everyone who says that of himself isn't.
+1 asking for more documentaries
@Qorax Oh. Okay thanks. Very deep.
Japan perfected electronic ideas and inventions that American Corporations did not want to invest in.
My father used to hand assemble germanium transistors in the 50s for GE . He said the failure rate was so high that they had big oil drums to store all the bad ones . That was kept secret from the other manufactures as they were in a price war.
simon hanlon FUNNY THING ABOUT THAT IS WE LEARNED HERE THAT EVERY MANUFACTURE WAS HAVING THE SAME PROBLEM BUT JAPANESE WOMEN WERE PROBABLY BETTER THAT MEN AT THIS TIPE OF WORK .
WE SHOULD HAVE BEEN USEING ZUNI AMERICAN WOMEN WHO ACTUALLY ARE AMAZING MAKEING SMALL JEWELERY .
This might be a documentary about the birth of the Japanese electronic industry but it's the best documentary about the birth of the transistor itself I have ever seen. I did not know that it took Bell Labs began looking for an alternative to tube 10 years before the invention of the transistor. I also always thought that the first transistorized commercial pocket radio was created in Japan, I did not know that Texas Instrument got there first. And those pocket radios would be about $450 U.S. in today's money. They were the smart phones (or VCR. personal computer, televisons, ...etc) of their era.
@KK Teutsch Also mad respect to Leibnitz.
@motoservo I have no idea what I was referring to. I can't find anything you posted that would elicit such a comment, nor does it bring any other comment to mind.
Please disregard it. Probably from some other page entirely, and intended for a completely different person. I'm getting too old to try to keep up with four or five different pages at once. I'll learn someday.
@Bill Martin I hear ya. I'm about ready to move off to the mountains and live like a hermit, myself. :) My guess is you hit Reply and the wrong name auto-populated, has happened to me before. Cheers.
@Stan Best Where patents and copyrights have been recorded. That's the only way information can become private property.
@wopmf4345FxFDxdGaa20 you say apple's phone is good? you think non-removable batteries, lack of buttons, no headphone jack and many more moronic and very stupid trends invented by apple, are breakthroughs?? if you think so then you are definitely an apple's shit sheep
Another example of how most people including myself know nothing.
EE student here, appreciate this video. Answers a lot of my question about early semiconductor development and production.
Corey Harrington No.True, American engineers were sent to Japan during the occupation after WW2, afterr the occopation of the US
They don't talk about who created the process they used for growing single crystals. This was developed in the 1920s by Polish scientist Jan Czochralski.
Like the transistor, its was not just one person or persons that cracked the code, it was the work of many many people we helped crack the enigma code.
Actually, it was I who invented blah blah blah
Lech Walesa cracked encryption.
@user12345 Why the "LOL?"
@user12345 Did you have a reading problem?
Great video, just stumbled upon it. When the transistor was invented, obviously engineers/scientists everywhere were interested but for some reason the Japanese became obsessed and saw it as a way to build the economy. Why did no other country have this obsession? (except USA, who invented it, of course) It is interesting to listen to the Japanese engineers, it is not something we study a lot. Japan has many of the best engineers in the world, but names are not well known. It is fun to listen to Japan vs USA engineers, all great but in different ways.
16:24 is amazing, using a mirror and light to control temperature with great precision manually. 21:04 zone melting with a bucket of water to control height. Conan-like.
What does Conan-like means ?
Anything to do with the detective ?
The barbarian, not the detective.
@DEEKSHANT SINGH this conan. https://youtu.be/1ayIJed2dn4?t=16
The mirror and light came from Cavendish's Torsion balance used to measure the gravitational force between small masses.
Absolutely. Ingenious determination. Amazing. Credit to them, and to many in America and all over the world who do such stuff.
my deep respect to pioneers that showed unprecedented enthusiasm and ingenuity. such kind of the people are REAL heroes of the past war
You don't think people who got their faces blown off in combat to stop rampant expansionism, genocide and fascism were heros. Interesting.
@David Brown what an stupid response!!
@Ed Vargas You would have to be more articulate about why my response was stupid. Explanatory.
Shockley didn't come up with the junction transistor, his two colleagues did, look up the patent and he is not on it,
Japan still makes the best components such as transistors and definitely capacitors. I’ve seen Japanese capacitors work within spec in a 20 year old computer.
We‘ve got a fridge working for many decades (I forgot how long precisely) and it was Japanese made. The coolant was NEVER refilled once. We had to replace it with a new one because it started to rust. And the irony was we had to take it out again from the garage when the new fridge fails after 2 years!
@The Don Ah, sorry, I have also a small transistor radio with long forgotten type of batteries. Made in 1961. Belonged to my grandpa. Working well on AM. With leather!
Flavius Nita some of those old AM radios worked without batteries at all.
I think they have laws in Japan were you can't trash home electronics so easily, I guess that adds incentive to engineer things to last.
@Flavius Nita
Is it shango066's 1963 Panasonic t.v. you are referencing?
That excitement and enthusiasm of those senior scientists. I love those humble beginnings of scientific research. Thanks for the video.
29:15 "Transistor Girls" sounds like good name for an anime.
Or a good band name
Females can't make any thing with any degree of precision they used females cause half of the men were killed in the war.
@thewhitemustang Just a little tip: when replying to my comments, I don't care.
@YUKI JINJUJI A woman made you.
@Helium Road god made me no woman was involved
I do like how Bell Labs offered even the 2nd and 3rd generation transistor technology to the world through symposiums!! It is not the best way to maximize profit $$ but it was the right thing to do! I am glad America/Bell Labs did it !!
One of the best documentaries I have watched in a long long time. Thank you for sharing.
I find it funny how the translator included the laughter at 19:10! As if that needed translation :)
Electronics Engineering in post war japan was not for wimps!!! It was deadly. Awesome video. I learned a lot.
The U.S. started / funded some Japanese electronic firms to help them rebuild. Much like we did in Europe after the war.
The engineers aren't the ones in danger. That would be the technicians.
the engineer even admitted the process being deadly -- how he would get electrocuted to unconsciousness and then get back to work...crazy but amazing stuff
@Clement Osei Tano Yes! Watching this video solidified that fact.
Do people even appreciate how strongly you must believe in your basic concepts to go through all these frustrating experiments?
Anybody 'normal' would have given up. Not these guys. Their concept of 'normal' was that of trying until you succeed.
Somehow, they 'knew' it could be done.
Now we know it also. Except for those who think that it was always there. It wasn't. Actual people made it happen.
Hats off.
exactly... because these guys understood a concept
and that concept was... NEVER GIVE UP
even when they succeed (as you put it) they still don't give up , they move on to something else or perfect what they invented , in short, for them they do this until they die, IT'S A LIFESTYLE, not a job
06:55 This is like when I prepared lectures in head injures in the local Red Cross Rescue Corps and drowning in the student's kayak club. Wringing references out of the local hospital's library, and getting copies of articles sent in the mail. -- You don't need a a formal Ph.D to work like this :-)
Amazing history video about science, technology & economic history & cultural realities that paved the way to all this Telecom & technology so common today with smartphones etc
We hold billions of transistors in our hands now, built on the shoulders of giants. An amazing history. Transistors radically improved energy efficiency of information technology vs vacuum tubes :)
I was amused by the part starting at 30:00 where sketches of production processes at RCA were used to "kickstart" the Japanese competition. During my working years before I retired, I was lucky to be part of a start-up factory in the southern U.S. that had some revolutionary design elements in my particular industry. These elements were born of experiences at a home factory in another state. At one point, a Japanese delegation wanted to tour our factory, and the company owner allowed it, but cameras were forbidden. About half a dozen gentlemen arrived in the delegation, and out came the sketch pads. They were all furiously drawing at high speed our layout and innovations. Being the engineer at the location, I was given instructions to let them see only so much. I had to physically block a small group of them with my body, to prevent them from seeing what we considered a highly innovative area of our process. That was over 30 years ago now.
And ever since missing the Mongol boom Sony vowed never to miss a dance craze again!
Another round of Just Dance anyone?
I love and admire their ingenuity.
Necessity is the mother of invention.
Ichiban!
This is amazing, I have been involved in electronics for over 40 years and still didn't realise it was the yanks who invented the Germanian Transistor.
Remarkable footage. It was easier to produce germanium PNP type transistors then, as against NPN types using grown silicon crystals which we see today mostly. Amazing!
Respects to the Japanese reserachers!
16:00 Whoa, that's some impressive problem solving!
00:36 shows a nuclear catastrophe with upbeat music.
This is one of the most interesting video series on Y.T.
i electrocuted myself so many times, i would often wake up unconscious? eeee
Interesting to learn that Texas Instrument was an oil (fossil fuel) company and made the first transistor radio. Something which didn't drain the batteries, stay cold and weight much less.
Crystal radio which take no battery at all already existed, but only one person could ear the weak sound on headphone. AM radio only need 1 diode to demodulate the audio. After that, the capacitor to get the envelope and resistor to discharge the capacitor are implicitly present in the headphones. The transistors, or vacuum tube, are just amplifying the signal.
There is many transistors in cascade because each one amplify only 100 times max. At that time, the gain was anything between 20 and 100 even if they all came from the same production line. Each stage is limited to a gain of 20 by using a resistor on the emitter. This reduce the gain to an almost fix value no matter how the transistor can really amplify.
Raising the power from 10 milliwatt like these first radio to 80 watts, we just need to add a few mode transistors. 10 mW * 20 = 200 mW of next stage. Then 4 watts on the next stage, then 80 watts on the third stage. The heat of the "naive" design would be quite large, so 2 transistor are needed on the final output stage. One pulling toward positive when the waveform is raising, the other pulling toward zero (or negative) when the wave shape goes down.
Thank you for this
Amazing fact...... you don't need a diode.
you can use a lump of COKE (as in fuel not drugs), you just get a wire and probe about on the material until you get demodulation... hence the name "cats whisker" radio
basically put a screw & washer into a piece of wood, trap the coke under the assembly ... put another nail /screw with a thin wire-strand, then bend & move the wire-strand with the tip probing the material.... until you get hardcore demodulation action.....
um, edit more.
A fascinating history. Thanks for the upload.
Amazing that the technology was so primitive in the beginning, yet worked.
AMAZING HIGH FREQUENCY HEATING COILS WERE THEN !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Science reaserch is all about perseverance ^^ 9:18
Cool training video! I’m impressed by this hard core science... Thanks for a down to earth Techincal aspects of crystal growth explained.
Fascinating documentary. Love the accounts and memories of those involved, and the way they are translated into English.
3:05 is it me or is the tone set so far by the background music a bit...sociopathic?
to think... i remember a day when youtube would suggest Part 2 of a video after viewing Part 1. what a concept
Apologies citizen, but all our servers are deployed currently working out the best ads to serve you! Stand by.
we are now in the 21st century the phone was discovered at the beginning of last century .
THE MAN THAT "SAW THE LIGHT" ... WAS GENIUS LEVEL SCIENTIST !!
Wish there was a hot calendar of the transitor girls
RC286 - 2019-03-08
The one thing I have learned by reading this comment is people seem to think that the original inventor should be given all of the credit for every single improvement or advancement on their invention,... forever. Just because someone invents something doesn't mean its useful. In many cases in history, it takes a third party to look at an invention that seems like a novelty, that is deemed neat but useless and say "Hey I can use this for something" to which they set out to improve on the invention to make it into something that can be of use to society. Not once in the video does it claim that Japan invented the transistor. America did,... and it was crap. They didn't even have a viable prototype, just a jumble of wires and semiconducting minerals,.. a bare bones proof of concept that was temperamental at best. The Japanese saw the opportunity and benefits in perfecting the technology, and unfortunately for American inventors the foreigners usually see the these opportunities and act on them, long before they realize their oversight. It even happens right at home, just like the Edison and Tesla fight for standardizing electrical distribution. The fact that Edison ever thought he was smarter and superior to Tesla was laughable. Furthermore, Edison also noted the properties of thermionic emission while experimenting with his electric lamp, had he not been so full of himself and fixated on the glowing filament producing light he could have invented the vacuum tube as well. It takes more than one person to truly invent something, someone comes up with an idea, and someone else says "hey we can use that for something!" By the way, your beloved Henry Ford used Dodge Brothers internal combustion engines in his early vehicles, and Chevrolet was a Swiss automotive engineer. It takes groups of people to make progress, not just one.
Jack Shelley - 2020-02-09
@Yoram Stein The Americans invented it and gave it to the rest of the world. Get your story straight.
eone199 - 2020-02-22
@Albert Tatlock who is Teslar bitch
mlauntube - 2020-04-29
LOL, thank you for posting. I found it quite amusing that they keep messing up the narrative: what they call the first transistor is the first field effect transistor (or FET). The vacuum tube is a transistor as well. I used to do CMOS layout and had researched some old history. Can't remember if there were any other transistors before the vacuum tube.
Even though I use to work in the intellectual property field, I think the concept is kind of odd. I couldn't imagine paying a royalty for selling a clay pot to an entity holding the patent for it. I know IP has utility, but I just can't get past the childlike silliness of "I thought of it first!"
Thanks again for posting.
Michael Dunne - 2020-05-01
@WESTEL Audio If referring to Intermetall, only prototypes were built I believe, which were produced in 1954. Question is whether RCA had built some prototype devices in 1952 ... ? Otherwise Texas Instruments had a prototype by early 1954,
mike A - 2020-05-23
Jesus who rattled your cage. I couldn't get more than 5 minutes in as the narrator's tone could send a rock to sleep and I think he learned history from the university of Wikipedia and got his sources from " some bloke that seemed to know about it in the pub".